Django中request.user指的是什么？（django permission_required）

25-02-24 13

在本文中，我们将给您介绍关于Django中request.user指的是什么？的详细内容，并且为您解答djangopermission_required的相关问题，此外，我们还将为您提供关于'WSGI

在本文中，我们将给您介绍关于Django中request.user指的是什么？的详细内容，并且为您解答django permission_required的相关问题，此外，我们还将为您提供关于'WSGIRequest'对象没有属性'user'Django admin、angularjs – Django Rest Framework – Request.user始终是AnonymousUser,request.POST为空、django - request.POST和request.body获取值时出现的情况、django form – 将request.user传递给widget呈现函数的知识。

本文目录一览：

Django中request.user指的是什么？（django permission_required）
'WSGIRequest'对象没有属性'user'Django admin
angularjs – Django Rest Framework – Request.user始终是AnonymousUser,request.POST为空
django - request.POST和request.body获取值时出现的情况
django form – 将request.user传递给widget呈现函数

Django中request.user指的是什么？（django permission_required）

我对 request.user 在Django中指的是什么感到困惑？它是指 auth_user 表中的用户名字
段，还是指用户模型实例？

我有这个疑问，因为我无法使用{{request.user.username}}或访问模板中的电子邮件字段{{user.username}}。

因此，我改为在views文件中执行以下操作：

userr = User.objects.get(username=request.user)

并传递userr给模板，并以访问电子邮件字段{{ userr.email }}。

尽管它可以正常工作，但我想对此有所了解。

答案1

小编典典

如果您的模板正在接收AnonymousUser，{{request.user.email}}将找不到对它的引用。以前，您必须询问是否{{request.user.is_authenticated}}。

您必须检查设置部分是否包含django.core.context_processors.auth上下文处理器TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS。如果您使用的是Django
1.4或最新版本，则上下文处理器为django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth。该上下文处理器负责在每个请求中包括用户对象。

'WSGIRequest'对象没有属性'user'Django admin

当我尝试访问管理页面时，出现以下错误：

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).June 21, 2016 - 15:26:14Django version 1.9.7, using settings ''librato_chart_sender_web.settings''Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/Quit the server with CONTROL-C.Internal Server Error: /admin/Traceback (most recent call last):  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 149, in get_response    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 147, in get_response    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py", line 265, in wrapper    return self.admin_view(view, cacheable)(*args, **kwargs)  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 149, in _wrapped_view    response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py", line 57, in _wrapped_view_func    response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py", line 233, in inner    if not self.has_permission(request):  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py", line 173, in has_permission    return request.user.is_active and request.user.is_staffAttributeError: ''WSGIRequest'' object has no attribute ''user''[21/Jun/2016 15:26:18] "GET /admin/ HTTP/1.1" 500 78473

我是django的新手，但我遵循了本教程：https : //docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/contrib/admin/

我没有任何自定义AdminSite和自定义AdminModel。

我已经用谷歌搜索了这个问题，但仍然无法以任何方式解决我的问题。你能帮我吗？

这是我的settings.py：

"""Django settings for librato_chart_sender_web project.Generated by ''django-admin startproject'' using Django 1.11.dev20160523235928.For more information on this file, seehttps://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/settings/For the full list of settings and their values, seehttps://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/settings/"""import os# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/howto/deployment/checklist/# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!SECRET_KEY = ''*1@+=wzrqx^6$9z&@2@d8r(w$js+ktw45lv2skez(=kz+rwff_''# SECURITY WARNING: don''t run with debug turned on in production!DEBUG = TrueALLOWED_HOSTS = []# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = [    ''django.contrib.admin'',    ''librato_chart_sender'',    ''fontawesome'',    ''django.contrib.auth'',    ''django.contrib.contenttypes'',    ''django.contrib.sessions'',    ''django.contrib.messages'',    ''django.contrib.staticfiles'',]MIDDLEWARE = [    ''django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware'',]ROOT_URLCONF = ''librato_chart_sender_web.urls''TEMPLATES = [    {        ''BACKEND'': ''django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'',        ''DIRS'': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ''librato_chart_sender/templates'')],        ''APP_DIRS'': True,        ''OPTIONS'': {            ''context_processors'': [                ''django.template.context_processors.debug'',                ''django.template.context_processors.request'',                ''django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth'',                ''django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages'',            ],        },    },]WSGI_APPLICATION = ''librato_chart_sender_web.wsgi.application''# Database# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/settings/#databasesDATABASES = {    ''default'': {        ''ENGINE'': ''django.db.backends.sqlite3'',        ''NAME'': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ''db.sqlite3''),    }}# Password validation# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/settings/#auth-password-validatorsAUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [    {        ''NAME'': ''django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator'',    },    {        ''NAME'': ''django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator'',    },    {        ''NAME'': ''django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator'',    },    {        ''NAME'': ''django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator'',    },]# Internationalization# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/i18n/LANGUAGE_CODE = ''en-us''TIME_ZONE = ''GMT''USE_I18N = TrueUSE_L10N = TrueUSE_TZ = True# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/howto/static-files/STATIC_URL = ''/static/''STATICFILES_DIRS = [    (''css'', ''librato_chart_sender/static/css''),    (''js'', ''librato_chart_sender/static/js''),    (''fonts'', ''librato_chart_sender/static/fonts''),]

和admin.py：

from django.contrib import adminfrom .models import Configuration# Register your models here.admin.site.register(Configuration)

答案1

小编典典

要解决此问题，请转到settings.py存在新样式的地方MIDDLEWARE（在Django 1.10中引入）

将其更改为旧样式 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES

答案2

小编典典

我找到了答案。变量名称在：

MIDDLEWARE = [    ''django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware'',]

MIDDLEWARE是Django 1.10中引入的新型配置。将名称更改为MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES，现在可以使用了。

所以现在的代码是：

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [    ''django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'',    ''django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'',    ''django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware'',]

angularjs – Django Rest Framework – Request.user始终是AnonymousUser,request.POST为空

我的身份验证/登录视图遇到问题.这个系统以前工作,但我最近切换到一个新的服务器,无法修复它.

尝试通过身份验证视图登录时,request.user始终是AnonymousUser,就像我没有提供任何身份验证凭据一样.我已经尝试记录request.POST但它似乎是一个空的dict.

我在这里有一个追溯：

Environment:


Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://45.55.149.3:8000/api/auth/

Django Version: 1.8.3
Python Version: 2.7.6
Installed Applications:
('django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','webapp','rest_framework','djrill')
Installed Middleware:
('django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware','django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware','django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware','django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware','django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware')


Traceback:
File "/home/appointments-app/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  132.                     response = wrapped_callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
File "/home/appointments-app/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py" in wrapped_view
  58.         return view_func(*args,**kwargs)
File "/home/appointments-app/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in view
  71.             return self.dispatch(request,*args,**kwargs)
File "/home/appointments-app/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
  456.             response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/home/appointments-app/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
  453.             response = handler(request,**kwargs)
File "/home/appointments-app/appointments/webapp/views.py" in post
  40.         login(request,request.user)
File "/home/appointments-app/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py" in login
  111.     request.session[SESSION_KEY] = user._Meta.pk.value_to_string(user)

Exception Type: AttributeError at /api/auth/
Exception Value: 'AnonymousUser' object has no attribute '_Meta'

这里我有API auth视图失败：

class AuthView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = (QuietBasicAuthentication,)

    def post(self,request,**kwargs):
        login(request,request.user)
        return Response(OldUserSerializer(request.user).data)

    def delete(self,**kwargs):
        logout(request)
        return Response({})

下面是我正在使用的身份验证类：

from rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication

class QuietBasicAuthentication(BasicAuthentication):
    # disclaimer: once the user is logged in,this should NOT be used as a
    # substitute for SessionAuthentication,which uses the django session cookie,# rather it can check credentials before a session cookie has been granted.
    def authenticate_header(self,request):
        return 'xBasic realm="%s"' % self.www_authenticate_realm

解决方法

如果您使用的是Django REST框架的身份验证类,则无需登录用户.用户将提前通过Django REST框架进行身份验证,并在此过程中验证凭据.

现在通过调用login,您正在尝试登录当前用户(request.user)并将它们与当前请求(请求)相关联. DRF将自动为您执行此操作,request.user将包含一个User实例,如果它能够验证用户和AnonymousUser(您看到的),如果它不能.

如果您尝试登录用户以获取Django请求(而不是DRF请求,which is different),则需要引用存储为request._request的Django请求.

login(request._request,request.user)

django - request.POST和request.body获取值时出现的情况

django request.POST / request.body
    当request.POST没有值 需要考虑下面两个要求
        1.如果请求头中的: Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded   request.POST中才会有值（才会去request.body中解析数据）
        2.若1有，也不一定有值 必须有数据格式要求： name=alex&age=18&gender=男

    如:
        a. form表单提交 默认就会满足上诉的1和2
            <form method...>
                input
            </form>

        b. ajax提交
            $.ajax({
                url:...
                type:POST,
                data:{
                    name:alex,
                    age=18,
                }     #默认也会满足上诉1和2  请求头默认为上述情况 内部数据格式会转为上述情况
            })

           自定义ajax 情况一
           $.ajax({
                url:...
                type:POST,
                headers:{''Content-Type'':"application/json"}  #不同的请求头 导致request.POST获取不了数据 而request.body依旧存在数据
                data:{name:alex, age = 18}   #内部自动转换 name=alex&age=18

           }) #即body有值 POST无值

           自定义ajax 情况二
           $.ajax({
                url:...
                type:POST,
                headers:{''Content-Type'':"application/json"}  #不同的请求头 导致request.POST获取不了数据 而request.body依旧存在数据
                data:JSON.stringfy{name:alex, age = 18} #{name:alex,age:18}

           })  #body有值 POST无值
           #从 request.body里获取数据 然后再通过json.loads(request.body)

博客搬运地址

django request.POST和request.body获取值时出现的情况

django form – 将request.user传递给widget呈现函数

我如何将request.user对象传递给我创建的自定义窗口小部件的渲染函数,或者从渲染函数中访问当前用户的最佳方法是什么

解决方法

解决方案我认为还不是一个黑客(但接近),并没有那么大的麻烦.

>覆盖表单上的init：

def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
    user = kwargs.pop('user',None)
    super(SomeForm,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)
    self.fields['your_field'].widget.user = user

>覆盖您的小部件：

def __init__(self,**kwargs):
    self.user = None
    super(YourWidget,**kwargs)

>在小部件上与您的用户一起获利.

显然,您需要向表单提供用户,并且在某些边缘情况下这可能是一个问题,例如您正在使用django动态视图而您不愿意将它们更改为更静态的方法.

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