1 Traceback (most recent call last):
2   File "manage.py", line 17, in <module>
3     "Couldn''t import Django. Are you sure it''s installed and "
4 ImportError: Couldn''t import Django. Are you sure it''s installed and available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you forget to activate a virtual environment?
5 
6 F:\python_django>python manage.py makemigrations

1    from django.contrib.admin.options import IncorrectLookupParameters
2   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py", line 12, in <module>
3     from django.contrib.admin import helpers, widgets
4   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\widgets.py", line 152
5     ''%s=%s'' % (k, v) for k, v in params.items(),
6     ^
7 SyntaxError: Generator expression must be parenthesized

pip install django-import-export
pip install django-simpleui

# settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    ''simpleui'',
    ''import_export'',
)

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
# 商品表
class commodity(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=225, verbose_name="商品名称", blank=True, default="")
    desc = models.TextField(verbose_name="商品描述", blank=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "商品表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

from django.contrib import admin
from app import models
from import_export import resources
from import_export.admin import ImportExportModelAdmin
from django.apps import apps

admin.site.site_header = "XXX后台管理"
admin.site.site_title = "XXX后台"


# Register your models here.
class commodityResource(resources.ModelResource):

    def __init__(self):
        super(commodityResource, self).__init__()

        field_list = models.commodity._meta.fields
        self.vname_dict = {}
        for i in field_list:
            self.vname_dict[i.name] = i.verbose_name

    # 默认导入导出field的column_name为字段的名称，这里修改为字段的verbose_name
    def get_export_fields(self):
        fields = self.get_fields()
        for field in fields:
            field_name = self.get_field_name(field)
            # 如果我们设置过verbose_name，则将column_name替换为verbose_name。否则维持原有的字段名
            if field_name in self.vname_dict.keys():
                field.column_name = self.vname_dict[field_name]
        return fields

    def after_import(self, dataset, result, using_transactions, dry_run, **kwargs):
        print("after_import")

    def after_import_instance(self, instance, new, **kwargs):
        print("after_import_instance")

    class Meta:
        model = models.commodity
        skip_unchanged = True
        report_skipped = True
        fields = ("id", "name", "desc")


@admin.register(models.commodity)
class AppTypeAdmin(ImportExportModelAdmin):
    list_display = ("name", "desc")
    list_display_links = ("name", "desc")
    search_fields = (''name'', ''desc'')
    model_icon = "fa fa-tag"
    list_per_page = 50
    resource_class = commodityResource

    def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
        super().save_model(request, obj, form, change)

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ''BACKEND'': ''django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'',
        ''DIRS'': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ''templates'')]
        ,
        ''APP_DIRS'': True,
        ''OPTIONS'': {
            ''context_processors'': [
                ''django.template.context_processors.debug'',
                ''django.template.context_processors.request'',
                ''django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth'',
                ''django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages'',
            ],
            ''libraries'': {
                ''apptags'': ''app.templatetags.apptags''
            },
        },
    },
]

from django import template
from django.apps import apps

register = template.Library()  # 这一句必须这样写

@register.simple_tag(takes_context=True)
def import_head_tag(context):
    verbose_names = []
    fieldlists = context.dicts[3]["fields"]
    opts = str(context.dicts[3]["opts"]).split(".")
    for f in fieldlists:
        fields = apps.get_model(opts[0], opts[1])._meta.fields
        for fs in fields:
            if (str(fs).split(".")[-1] == str(f)):
                verbose_names.append(fs.verbose_name)
                break

    return "，".join(verbose_names)

{% extends "admin/import_export/base.html" %}
{% load static simpletags apptags %}
{% load i18n %}
{% load admin_urls %}
{% load import_export_tags %}
{% load static %}

{% block extrastyle %}{{ block.super }}<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static "import_export/import.css" %}" />{% endblock %}

{% block breadcrumbs_last %}
{% trans "Import" %}
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

  {% if confirm_form %}
    <form action="{% url opts|admin_urlname:"process_import" %}" method="POST">
      {% csrf_token %}
      {{ confirm_form.as_p }}
      <p>
        {% trans "Below is a preview of data to be imported. If you are satisfied with the results, click ''Confirm import''" %}
      </p>
      <div class="submit-row">
        <input type="submit" class="default" name="confirm" value="{% trans "Confirm import" %}">
      </div>
    </form>
  {% else %}
    <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      {% csrf_token %}

      <p>
        {% trans "This importer will import the following fields: " %}
        <code>{% import_head_tag %} </code>

      </p>

      <fieldset class="module aligned">
        {% for field in form %}
          <div class="form-row">
            {{ field.errors }}

            {{ field.label_tag }}

            {{ field }}

            {% if field.field.help_text %}
            <p class="help">{{ field.field.help_text|safe }}</p>
            {% endif %}
          </div>
        {% endfor %}
      </fieldset>

      <div class="submit-row"><input type="submit" class="default" value="{% trans "Submit" %}">
      </div>
    </form>
  {% endif %}

  {% if result %}

    {% if result.has_errors %}

      <h2>{% trans "Errors" %}</h2>
      <ul>
        {% for error in result.base_errors  %}
        <li>
          {{ error.error }}
          <div class="traceback">{{ error.traceback|linebreaks }}</div>
        </li>
        {% endfor %}
        {% for line, errors in result.row_errors %}
          {% for error in errors %}
            <li>
              {% trans "Line number" %}: {{ line }} - {{ error.error }}
              <div><code>{{ error.row.values|join:", " }}</code></div>
              <div class="traceback">{{ error.traceback|linebreaks }}</div>
            </li>
          {% endfor %}
        {% endfor %}
      </ul>

    {% elif result.has_validation_errors %}

      <h2>{% trans "Some rows failed to validate" %}</h2>
        
      <p>{% trans "Please correct these errors in your data where possible, then reupload it using the form above." %}</p>
      
      <table class="import-preview">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th>{% trans "Row" %}</th>
            <th>{% trans "Errors" %}</th>
            {% for field in result.diff_headers %}
              <th>{{ field }}</th>
            {% endfor %}
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for row in result.invalid_rows %}
          <tr>
            <td>{{ row.number }} </td>
            <td class="errors">
              <span class="validation-error-count">{{ row.error_count }}</span> 
              <div class="validation-error-container">
                <ul class="validation-error-list">
                  {% for field_name, error_list in row.field_specific_errors.items %}
                    <li>
                        <span class="validation-error-field-label">{{ field_name }}</span>
                        <ul>
                          {% for error in error_list %}
                            <li>{{ error }}</li>
                          {% endfor %}
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                  {% endfor %}
                  {% if row.non_field_specific_errors %}
                    <li>
                      <span class="validation-error-field-label">{% trans "Non field specific" %}</span>
                      <ul>
                        {% for error in row.non_field_specific_errors %}
                          <li>{{ error }}</li>
                        {% endfor %}
                      </ul>
                    </li>
                  {% endif %}
                </ul>
              </div>
            </td>
            {% for field in row.values %}
              <td>{{ field }}</td>
            {% endfor %}
          </tr>
        {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
      </table>
  
    {% else %}

      <h2>{% trans "Preview" %}</h2>

      <table class="import-preview">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            {% for field in result.diff_headers %}
              <th>{{ field }}</th>
            {% endfor %}
          </tr>
        </thead>
        {% for row in result.valid_rows %}
          <tr>
            <td class="import-type">
              {% if row.import_type == ''new'' %}
                {% trans "New" %}
              {% elif row.import_type == ''skip'' %}
                {% trans "Skipped" %}
              {% elif row.import_type == ''delete'' %}
                {% trans "Delete" %}
              {% elif row.import_type == ''update'' %}
                {% trans "Update" %}
              {% endif %}
            </td>
            {% for field in row.diff %}
              <td>{{ field }}</td>
            {% endfor %}
          </tr>
        {% endfor %}
      </table>

    {% endif %}

  {% endif %}
{% endblock %}