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oracle for linux

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最近很多小伙伴都在问oracleforlinux这两个问题，那么本篇文章就来给大家详细解答一下，同时本文还将给你拓展Fororacledatabases,ifthetopshowingtheoracl

最近很多小伙伴都在问oracle for linux这两个问题，那么本篇文章就来给大家详细解答一下，同时本文还将给你拓展For oracle databases, if the top showing the oracle database, then oracle process is using the top c、How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6、Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘、linux oracle 上如何用 shell 脚本来将 oracle 的各项性能数据查询出来，并上传等相关知识，下面开始了哦！

本文目录一览：

oracle for linux

oracle for linux



#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba
#useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
#passwd oracle

#mkdir -p /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/u01/
#chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/u01/


#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

/sbin/sysctl -p

Setting Shell Limits for the oracle User


#vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536


#vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so


#vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

Configuring the oracle User's Environment


#vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.

# echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# echo "export ORACLE_SID=orcl" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# echo "export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile # echo "export LANG＝zh_CN.UTF-8" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# echo "export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

2，安装中文语言包
如果没有此步，安装界面全是“口口口……”

# mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType
# cp /Chinese.ttf /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/

#cd /usr/local/src/database/ //oracle解压后的目录，把两张光盘的内容都解压到这个目录。
3，使用上面创建的oracle用户登录到X桌面
$./runinstaller 接下来就是图形界面。
***若提示新建的oracle用户无安装程序文件的访问权限，在root用户下执行#chomd +R 777 /(安装文件路径)

【配置测试】
1，进入sqlplus：
sqlplus /nolog

2，以sysdba的身份连接到数据库，并启动Oracle数据库引擎：
sql> conn /as sysdba
sql> startup
3，退出sqlplus，运行Listener
sql> exit
$ lsnrctl start
这样数据库的TNS也启动了，可以通过网络连接数据库了。一般情况下就启动这两个就够了，如果想用Oracle提供的EM来管理Oracle的话还需要启动EM控制台，运行如下命令：$ emctl start dbconsole
这样就可以通过https://servername:1158/em/console来访问EM控制台了。

For oracle databases, if the top showing the oracle database, then oracle process is using the top c

For oracle databases, if the top showing the oracle database, then oracle process is using the top c

Note 805586.1 Troubleshooting Session Administration (Doc ID 805586.1) Note 822527.1 How To Find Where The Memory Is Growing For A Process (Doc ID 822527.1) Note 273646.1 How to diagnose the high cpu utilization of ORACLE.EXE in Windows environment Note 728539.1 Find Blocking Sessions In sqlPLUS Note 61552.1 Troubleshooting Oracle Database Hanging Issues for versions from 7 to 9--Exhaustive Note 164760.1 Detecting and Resolving Locking Conflicts using TopSessions

How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

by Ginny Henningsen; updated by Michele Casey

How to simplify the installation of Oracle Database 12c or 11g on Oracle Linux 6 by installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM package, which automatically performs a number of tasks, such as installing required software packages, resolving package dependencies, and modifying kernel parameters.

 

Published September 2012 (updated September 2017)

READ THIS FIRST: Important Changes Since Publication

While the content in this article is still valid, several details have changed.  For example:

  • For Oracle Database 12c Release 2, the preinstall RPM has a different name than the one used in the article belowpu:
    • oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall
    • See also this documentation: Automatically Configuring Oracle Linux with Oracle Preinstallation RPM
  • The preinstall RPMs are published on Oracle Linux yum server for both Oracle Linux 6 and 7 in the Latest repositories which are configured and enabled by default in recent releases of Oracle Linux 6 and 7 


 

Introducing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM for Oracle Linux

Before installing Oracle Database 12c or 11g on a system, you need to preconfigure the operating environment since the database requires certain software packages, package versions, and tweaks to kernel parameters. (Be sure to review the appropriate Oracle Database installation guide to familiarize yourself with hardware, software, and operating system requirements.)

Want to comment on this article? Post the link on Facebook''s OTN Garage page.  Have a similar article to share? Bring it up on Facebook or Twitter and let''s discuss.

Note: This article applies to Oracle Linux 6. A previous article, "How I Simplified Oracle Database Installation on Oracle Linux," covered performing a similar task on versions of Oracle Linux 5.

On Oracle Linux, I discovered that there is a remarkably easy way to address these installation prerequisites: First, depending on your database version, install either the RPM package called oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall. This RPM performs a number of preconfiguration steps, including the following:

  • Automatically downloading and installing any additional software packages and specific package versions needed for installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database 12 c Release 1 (12.1) or 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3), with package dependencies resolved via yum or up2date capabilities.
  • Creating the user oracle and the groups oinstall (for OraInventory) and dba (for OSDBA), which are used during database installation. (For security purposes, this user has no password by default and cannot log in remotely. To enable remote login, please set a password using the passwd tool.)
  • Modifying kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf to change settings for shared memory, semaphores, the maximum number of file descriptors, and so on.
  • Setting hard and soft shell resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf, such as the locked-in memory address space, the number of open files, the number of processes, and core file size.
  • Setting numa=off in the kernel for x86_64 machines.

Note that oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall parses the existing /etc/sysctl.conf and /etc/security/limits.conf files and updates values only as needed for database installation. Any precustomized settings not related to database installation are left as is.

The oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM packages are accessible through the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN, which requires a support contract), from the Oracle Linux distribution media, or from the Oracle public yum repository. Thus, whether or not your system is registered with ULN to access Oracle patches and support, you can use oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall to simplify database installation on Oracle Linux. In addition, the Oracle public yum repository now includes all security and bug errata, ensuring systems are secured and stable with the latest security updates and bug fixes.

Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM

The remainder of this article steps through the procedure that I used for installing oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall on Oracle Linux via the Oracle public yum repository. The same steps outlined in the following section can be used for either version of the preinstall RPM package. I started with a system running Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86_64, a 64-bit version of Oracle Linux that I downloaded from the Oracle software delivery cloud (requires registration or login). First, I set up a yum configuration file that pointed to the correct repository, and then I installed the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM from that repository.

Here are the steps for preconfiguring a system for Oracle Database installation using oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall. Remember, the steps are the same when using the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall package; you simply need to change the name of the RPM package during the yum installation step.

  1. As an authorized user (for example, root), retrieve the file that configures repository locations:
      
    # cd /etc/yum.repos.d

# wget http://yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
  2. Using a text editor, modify the file, changing the field enabled=0 to enabled=1 to reflect repositories that correspond to the machine''s operating system release.
     

    Here is an excerpt of public-yum-old6.repo with the changed lines in boldface.

    [ol6_latest]

name=Oracle Linux $releasever Latest ($basearch)

baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/latest/$basearch/

gpgkey=http://yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1





[ol6_UEK_latest]

name=Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)

baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/UEK/latest/$basearch/

gpgkey=http://yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1
     

    Because the target system is running Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86_64, which installs the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel by default, there are two repositories to enable, [ol6_latest] and [ol6_UEK_latest].

  3. Next, install the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM using the yum install command. If you are using Oracle Database 12c, then you would type yum install.
     

    The output in Listing 1 shows how the installation checks dependencies and then downloads and installs the required packages.

    # yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin, security

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed

---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed

---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.6-4.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64

---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) for package: gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64

---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.80.el6_3.4 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6 will be installed

---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed

---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64

---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek will be installed

---> Package ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution



Dependencies Resolved



================================================================================

 Package                         Arch   Version                Repository  Size

================================================================================

Installing:

 oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

                                 x86_64 1.0-6.el6              ol6_latest  15 k

Installing for dependencies:

 cloog-ppl                       x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6         ol6_latest  93 k

 compat-libcap1                  x86_64 1.10-1                 ol6_latest  17 k

 compat-libstdc++-33             x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6           ol6_latest 183 k

 cpp                             x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest 3.7 M

 gcc                             x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest  10 M

 gcc-c++                         x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest 4.7 M

 glibc-devel                     x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.4      ol6_latest 970 k

 glibc-headers                   x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.4      ol6_latest 600 k

 kernel-uek-headers              x86_64 2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek ol6_latest 713 k

 ksh                             x86_64 20100621-16.el6        ol6_latest 684 k

 libaio-devel                    x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6         ol6_latest  13 k

 libstdc++-devel                 x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest 1.5 M

 mpfr                            x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6            ol6_latest 156 k

 ppl                             x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6          ol6_latest 1.3 M



Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install      15 Package(s)



Total download size: 25 M

Installed size: 61 M

Is this ok [y/N]: Downloading Packages:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                           710 kB/s |  25 MB     00:35     

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction



  Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64                                     1/15 

  Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                          2/15 

  Installing : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                      3/15 

  Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64                                    4/15 

  Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64                             5/15 

  Installing : kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek.x86_64            6/15 

  Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                      7/15 

  Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                        8/15 

  Installing : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                      9/15 

  Installing : gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                 10/15 

  Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64                    11/15 

  Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                         12/15 

  Installing : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64                                 13/15 

  Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64                               14/15 



  Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64      15/15 

  Verifying  : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                      1/15

  Verifying  : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64                                2/15 

  Verifying  : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64                                  3/15 

  Verifying  : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                        4/15 

  Verifying  : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                          5/15 

  Verifying  : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64       6/15 

  Verifying  : gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                  7/15 

  Verifying  : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                      8/15 

  Verifying  : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                          9/15 

  Verifying  : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64                    10/15 

  Verifying  : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64                                    11/15 

  Verifying  : kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek.x86_64           12/15 

  Verifying  : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                     13/15 

  Verifying  : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64                                   14/15 

  Verifying  : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64                            15/15 



Installed:

  oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6                       



Dependency Installed:

  cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6                                             

  compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1                                                

  compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6                                     

  cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                      

  gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                      

  gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                  

  glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4                                        

  glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4                                      

  kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek                            

  ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6                                                  

  libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6                                          

  libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                          

  mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6                                                     

  ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6                                                    



Complete!

    Listing 1: Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM

    The yum installation logs messages about kernel changes in the file /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/results/orakernel.log, and it makes backups of current system settings in the directory /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/backup.

  4. At this point, the system is ready for the installation of Oracle Database. For example, to install Oracle Database 11g Release 2, follow the directions in Chapter 4, "Installing Oracle Database," of the Database Installation Guide for Linux."
     

    Here are the steps I followed while installing Oracle Database 11g Release 2 in my test environment. Make sure you review all documentation and follow recommended best practices before installing into your production environment.

    1. As root, create a parent directory in a file system that has sufficient space to be the target location for the downloaded files:
        
      # mkdir /home/OraDB11g

# cd /home/OraDB11g
       

      The amount of disk space needed in the file system varies according to the specific installation type, but roughly twice the size of the zip archives, or 5 GB, is enough to house the software and data files.

    2. Into this target directory, download the installation media files from the Oracle Database Software Downloads page on Oracle Technology Network.
    3. Extract the files:
        
      # unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
    4. Log in as the user oracle. Change directory to the database directory and enter the following command to run the Oracle Universal Installer:
        
      $ cd /home/OraDB11g/database

$ ./runInstaller

    The Oracle Universal Installer performs a number of checks, verifying that the necessary OS packages and versions are installed. In addition, it checks kernel parameters set by the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall installation. During the kernel settings check, the installer might flag a few settings as "failed," and you should investigate these failures. In some cases, you still might be able to continue with the database installation. If you check kernel settings in /etc/sysctl.conf, you''ll see that oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall has modified and added the necessary settings to ensure the minimum requirements are met, as defined in section 2.10.1, "Displaying and Changing Kernel Parameter Values," in Chapter 2, "Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements," of the Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release2 (11.2) for Linux. Below is the list of requirements:

    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
     

    If necessary, you can (as root) edit the file /etc/sysctl.conf to specify a setting manually, for example:

    # vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

# /sbin/sysctl -p
     

    The Oracle Universal Installer performs additional checks, such as verifying the glibc version, sufficient disk space, environmental variable and path settings, and sufficient physical memory and swap space. Generally, installing oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall takes care of the prerequisites so that you can proceed directly with installing the database.

Final Thoughts

Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPMs can save time when installing Oracle Database 12c and 11g on Oracle Linux. These RPMs address most Oracle Database installation prerequisites and greatly simplify the installation process.

See Also

Here are the resources referenced earlier in this document:

  • Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network: https://linux.oracle.com
  • Oracle Linux yum server: http://yum.oracle.com/
  • Oracle software delivery cloud (requires registration or login): https://edelivery.oracle.com/linux
  • Chapter 4, "Installing Oracle Database," of the Database Installation Guide for Linux: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24321/inst_task.htm#BABBBHJH
  • Oracle Database Software Downloads page on Oracle Technology Network: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

And here are some additional resources from the Oracle Database Documentation Library (http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/homepage). Relevant subsections from the Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux (http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/toc.htm) with currently valid URLs are as follows:

  • "About the Oracle RDBMS Pre-Install and Oracle Validated RPMs" from Chapter 1, "Overview of Oracle Database Installation": http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/install_overview.htm#BABDBHCJ
  • Chapter 2, "Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements": http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/pre_install.htm#BABFDGHJ
  • "Downloading Oracle Software" from Chapter 4, "Installing Oracle Database," which describes how to download installation files from the Oracle Technology Network Website: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/inst_task.htm#autoId6

Also see the blog entry "Oracle RDBMS Server 11gR2 Pre-Install RPM for Oracle Linux 6 has been released": https://blogs.oracle.com/linux/entry/oracle_rdbms_server_11gr2_pre

About the Authors

Ginny Henningsen has worked for the last 15 years as a freelance writer developing technical collateral and documentation for high-tech companies. Prior to that, Ginny worked for Sun Microsystems, Inc. as a Systems Engineer in King of Prussia, PA and Milwaukee, WI. Ginny has a BA from Carnegie-Mellon University and a MSCS from Villanova University.

Michele Casey is the Director of Product Management for Oracle Linux. She has worked with commercial Linux distributions and open source projects as a product manager since 2006. She has also held positions as a system administrator, project manager, and technical support engineer.

Revision 1.1, 07/09/2013; added information about using the
oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall package to install
Oracle Database 12c

 

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Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘

Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘

Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)

Posted on May 3,2014

This article presents how to install Oracle 11G on Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 (OEL7).

Read following article how to install Oracle Enterprise Linux 7: Install Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7) (for comfort set 2G memory for your virtual machine before proceeding with Oracle software installation).

Installation software is available on OTN version 11.2.0.1 or Metalink 11.2.0.4. In this installation I’m presenting installation for 11.2.0.4 but for prevIoUs version 11.2.0.X it shouldn’t be different.

Oracle software which I verified

release 11.2.0.4

@H_301_22@p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

OS configuration and preparation

OS configuration is executed as root. To login as root just execute following command in terminal.

@H_301_22@su - root

Add groups

@H_301_22@--required groups /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 oper
Add user Oracle
@H_301_22@/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

Change password for user

@H_301_22@passwd oracle
Add kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf
@H_301_22@kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Apply kernel parameters

@H_301_22@/sbin/sysctl -p

Add following lines to set shell limits for user oracle in file /etc/security/limits.conf

@H_301_22@oracle soft nproc 131072 oracle hard nproc 131072 oracle soft nofile 131072 oracle hard nofile 131072 oracle soft core unlimited oracle hard core unlimited oracle soft memlock 50000000 oracle hard memlock 50000000

The “/etc/hosts” file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

@H_301_22@<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>

For example.

@H_301_22@127.0.0.1 oel7 oel7.dbaora.com localhost localhost.localdomain

Modify .bash_profile for user oracle in his home directory

@H_301_22@# Oracle Settings export TMP=/tmp export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA11G export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=ORA11G PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export CLAsspATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' alias envo='env | grep ORACLE' umask 022

Check which packages are installed and which are missing

@H_301_22@rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \ elfutils-libelf \ elfutils-libelf-devel \ gcc \ gcc-c++ \ glibc \ glibc-common \ glibc-devel \ glibc-headers \ ksh \ libaio \ libaio-devel \ libgcc \ libstdc++ \ libstdc++-devel \ make \ sysstat \ unixODBC \ unixODBC-devel

In my case it returns following

@H_301_22@binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7(x86_64) elfutils-libelf-0.157-2.el7(x86_64) package elfutils-libelf-devel is not installed gcc-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) glibc-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) glibc-common-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) glibc-headers-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) package ksh is not installed libaio-0.3.109-9.el7(x86_64) package libaio-devel is not installed libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) make-3.82-19.el7(x86_64) sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7(x86_64) package unixODBC is not installed package unixODBC-devel is not installed

There are two options to install missing packages

  • You need to install missing from dvd. Just mount it and install missing packages using rpm -Uvh command from directory <mount dvd>/Packages.

NOTE – I’m using x86_64 version of packages

@H_301_22@rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libaio-devel*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh unixODBC*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh ksh*.x86_64.rpm
  • Run yum install command for missing packages
@H_301_22@--example howto install many packages yum install elfutils-libelf-devel \ ksh \ libaio-devel \ unixODBC*

Create directory structure for database software

  • ORACLE_BASE – /ora01/app/oracle
  • ORACLE_HOME – /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
@H_301_22@mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chown oracle:oinstall -R /ora01

disable secure linux by editing the “/etc/selinux/config” file,making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows. It requires REBOOT to be effective !!!

@H_301_22@SELINUX=permissive

In Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 /tmp data is stored on tmpfs which consumes memory and is too small. To revert it back to storage just run following command and REBOOT machine to be effective.

@H_301_22@systemctl mask tmp.mount

Install database software

Let’s start with database software installation as oracle user.

@H_301_22@su - oracle --unzip software 11.2.0.4 unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip --I defined 4 aliases in .bash_profile of user oracle to make --administration heaven :) [oracle@oel7 ~]$ alias envo cdob cdoh tns alias envo='env | grep ORACLE' alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' --run alias command envo to display environment settings envo ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA11G ORACLE_SID=ORA11G ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --run alias command cdob and cdoh to check ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME [oracle@oel7 ~]$ cdob [oracle@oel7 oracle]$ pwd /ora01/app/oracle [oracle@oel7 db_1]$ cdoh [oracle@oel7 db_1]$ pwd /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --run installation ./runInstall

1. Uncheck checkBox “I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support” and then click “Next” button.

2. Ignore following message and click “Yes” button.

3. Select “Skip software updates” and click “Next” button.

4. Select “Create and configure a database” then click “Next” button.

5. Select “Server Class” then click “Next” button.

6. Select “Single instance database installation” and click “Next” button.

7. Select “Typical Install” and click “Next” button.

8. Enter database name,administration password for user and click “Next” button.

9. Just click “Next” button.

10. Check checkBox “Ignore All” to ignore this error. Then click “Next” button.

11. Just click “Yes” button to continue with installation.

12. Summary screen just before installation. Click “Install” button.

13. Boring installation …

14. I received following error during linking binaries

To fix this error edit $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk,search for the line

@H_301_22@ $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)

and replace the line with

@H_301_22@$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11

then click “Retry” button

15. Database Configuration will start and create database for you.

16. You should see summary screen for your new database. Click “OK” button to continue with installation.

17. In the “middle” of installation you will be asked to run 2 scripts as user root. when scripts are executed just click “OK” button. Installation will proceed.

@H_301_22@--execute scripts /ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

18. Installation completed. Just click “Close” button.

Post installation steps

Edit the “/etc/oratab” file to set restart flag for ORA11G to ‘Y’.

@H_301_22@ORA11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

Have a fun

linux oracle 上如何用 shell 脚本来将 oracle 的各项性能数据查询出来，并上传

linux oracle 上如何用 shell 脚本来将 oracle 的各项性能数据查询出来，并上传

这是抄的一个 DBA 的脚本，在服务器上用 shell 将 oracle 数据库的数据查到，包括查询 141 主库，和 142 备库，然后用 ftp 上传到外网的一个服务器上进行展示，脚本有些长，直接用 nodepad++ 打开即可

#!/bin/ksh
time=date +''%Y%m%d%T''
. ~/.bash_profile
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END <br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off <br/>select ''空闲空间：''||round(free_mb/1024)||''G，使用率：''||trunc((total_mb-free_mb)/total_mb*100)||''%'' from v\\\$asm_diskgroup where name=''FRA'';<br/>exit; <br/>END
echo "电子税务局数据库巡检时间 ${time}：${VALUE}"> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log



#mon session cnt
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END<br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off<br/>select ''会话数 ''||listagg(info, '','') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY info) names<br/>from (select ''节点'' || inst_id || '':'' || count(*) info<br/>from gv\\\$session<br/>group by inst_id);<br/>exit;<br/>END
echo "${VALUE}">> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


#mon wait cnt
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END<br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off<br/>select /*+rule*/''活动会话数:''||count(*) from gv\\\$session where type=''USER'' and wait_class&lt;&gt;''Idle''<br/>union all<br/>select ''CPU使用率 ''||listagg(info, '','') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY info) names<br/>from (<br/>select ''节点''||inst_id||'': ''||round(sum(value)/2,1)||''%'' info from gv\\\$sysmetric where metric_name in (''Host CPU Utilization (%)'') group by inst_id<br/>);<br/>exit;<br/>END
echo "${VALUE}">> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


#mon tablespace
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END<br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off<br/>select ''表空间使用率超过75%为:''||listagg(used_percent,'','') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY used_percent) names<br/>from<br/>(select a.tablespace_name||'' ''||<br/>round(replace((a.sz-b.sz)/a.sz*100,'','',''.''),2)||''%'' used_percent<br/>from (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes)/1048576 sz<br/>from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) a,<br/>(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes)/1048576 sz<br/>from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) b<br/>where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name(+) <br/>and round(replace((a.sz-b.sz)/a.sz*100,'','',''.''),2)&gt;=75);<br/>exit;<br/>END
echo "${VALUE}">> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


#mon lock cnt
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END<br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off<br/>select /*+rule*/''数据库锁数量:''||count(*) from gv\\\$lock where request&lt;&gt;0;<br/>exit;<br/>END
echo "${VALUE}">> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


#disk=df -mP /home|column -t |sed 1d | awk ''{print "disk:"$5}''|tr -d %
#echo "，141 磁盘空间：/home"${disk}>>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
#disk=df -mP /|column -t |sed 1d | awk ''{print "disk:"$5}''|tr -d %
#echo "，/："${disk}>>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


#mon memory 141
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
memused=free -m |grep buffers\/ |awk -F '':'' ''{print $2}'' |awk ''{print $1}''
available=free -m |grep buffers\/ |awk -F '':'' ''{print $2}'' |awk ''{print $2}''
memtotal=free -m |grep Mem |awk ''{print $2}''
memrate=expr $memused \* 100 / $memtotal
echo "服务器 141 内存使用率:" >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
echo ${memrate}%, >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log






#mon memory 142
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
memused=ssh 87.12.74.142 free -m |grep buffers\/ |awk -F '':'' ''{print $2}'' |awk ''{print $1}''
available=ssh 87.12.74.142 free -m |grep buffers\/ |awk -F '':'' ''{print $2}'' |awk ''{print $2}''
memtotal=ssh 87.12.74.142 free -m |grep Mem |awk ''{print $2}''
memrate=expr $memused \* 100 / $memtotal
echo "服务器 142 内存使用率:" >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
echo ${memrate}% >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log






#mon disk
spvalue=70
SPACE=df -hP 2&gt;/dev/null | awk ''int($5)&gt;''$spvalue'' {print $6,$5}'' | wc -l
if [ $SPACE -gt 0 ]
then
echo 141 文件系统使用率: >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
df -hP 2>/dev/null | awk ''int($5)>''$spvalue'' {print $6,$5}'' >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
fi






SPACE=ssh gxgs-xwssb-nwyw-db2 df -hP 2&gt;/dev/null | awk ''int($5)&gt;''$spvalue'' {print $6,$5}'' | wc -l
if [ $SPACE -gt 0 ]
then
echo 142 文件系统使用率: >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
ssh gxgs-xwssb-nwyw-db2 df -hP 2>/dev/null | awk ''int($5)>''$spvalue'' {print $6,$5}'' >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
fi




#weblogic thread count
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END<br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off<br/>select ''weblogic独占线程超过30的数量:''||count(1) from hlwsb_sjfx.dzswj_monitor_weblogic_thread t where t.mon_date&gt;sysdate- (30/1440) and t.hoggingthreadcount&gt;30;<br/>exit;<br/>END
echo "${VALUE}">> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


#weblogic thread mingxi
echo >>/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log
VALUE=sqlplus -silent "/ as sysdba" &lt;&lt; END<br/>set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off<br/>select ''weblogic独占线程超过30的服务明细:''|| to_char(wmsys.wm_concat(t.serverport)) from hlwsb_sjfx.dzswj_monitor_weblogic_thread t where t.mon_date&gt;sysdate- (30/1440) and t.hoggingthreadcount&gt;30<br/>group by t.serverport;<br/>exit;<br/>END
echo "${VALUE}">> /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/framon${time}.log


USER=weblogic
#密码
PASSWORD=Hlwsb101#%
#下载文件目录 1
SRCDIR=/home/weblogic/logstail/oracle_monitor/logs/
#FTP 目录 (待下载文件目录)
DESDIR=/home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/
IP=87.16.16.218
PORT=3522







lftp -u ${USER},${PASSWORD} sftp://${IP}:${PORT}<<EOF
lcd ${DESDIR}
cd ${SRCDIR}
mput mon
by
EOF




rm -f /home/oracle/monitor/mon_space/logs/*

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