Oracle Linux 对 Virtualization and Emulation的支持策略（linux 使用oracle）

25-04-29 1

在本文中，我们将给您介绍关于OracleLinux对VirtualizationandEmulation的支持策略的详细内容，并且为您解答linux使用oracle的相关问题，此外，我们还将为您提供关

在本文中，我们将给您介绍关于Oracle Linux 对 Virtualization and Emulation的支持策略的详细内容，并且为您解答linux 使用oracle的相关问题，此外，我们还将为您提供关于(OK) Ubuntu 15.10: KVM vs. Xen vs. VirtualBox Virtualization Performance、<转>CentOS / Redhat: Install KVM Virtualization ...、Best Virtualization Performance with KVM and Containers on Arm^®-based QorIQ SoCs、Comparison-of-OS-emulation-or-virtualization-apps-on-Android的知识。

本文目录一览：

Oracle Linux 对 Virtualization and Emulation的支持策略（linux 使用oracle）
(OK) Ubuntu 15.10: KVM vs. Xen vs. VirtualBox Virtualization Performance
<转>CentOS / Redhat: Install KVM Virtualization ...
Best Virtualization Performance with KVM and Containers on Arm^®-based QorIQ SoCs
Comparison-of-OS-emulation-or-virtualization-apps-on-Android

Oracle Linux 对 Virtualization and Emulation的支持策略（linux 使用oracle）

Oracle Linux Support Policies for Virtualization and Emulation (文档 ID 417770.1)

(OK) Ubuntu 15.10: KVM vs. Xen vs. VirtualBox Virtualization Performance

www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=ubuntu-1510-virt&num=1

Written by Michael Larabel in Software on 22 October 2015. Page 1 of 5. 32 Comments

Our latest benchmarks of Ubuntu 15.10 are looking at the performance of this latest Linux distribution release when comparing the performance of guests using KVM, Xen, and VirtualBox virtualization from the same system.

The tests were all done from an Intel Xeon E5-2687W v3 + MSI X99S SLI PLUS system with 16GB of DDR4 system memory, 80GB Intel M.2 SSD, and AMD FirePro V7900 graphics. Once running our disk and processor focused benchmarks on this Ubuntu 15.10 host system, the "bare metal" results were then compared to a KVM guest setup via virt-manager using the Ubuntu Wily packages, then using the Xen 4.5 packages present on Ubuntu 15.10 with again testing the same Ubuntu 15.10 guest with virt-manager, and then lastly testing the Ubuntu 15.10 guest under VirtualBox 5.0.4 as available via the package archive.

The host system and all guests were using Ubuntu 15.10 64-bit with the Linux 4.2.0-16-generic kernel, Unity desktop, X.Org Server 1.17.2, an EXT4 file-system, and GCC 5.2.1 as the code compiler. All system settings remained the same during the testing process.

When creating the KVM/Xen/VirtualBox guests, 38GB of virtual storage on the Intel SSD, 8GB of RAM and all 20 CPU threads (ten core CPU + HT) were made available to the virtual machine under test. As each platform has near endless tunable possibilities, the testing was done with the default settings. If there''s enough interest and premium support from Phoronix readers, I can look at putting out some "tuned" VM comparisons.

All of the benchmarks for this article were carried out via the open-source Phoronix Test Suite benchmarking software.

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http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=ubuntu-1510-virt&num=2

Written by Michael Larabel in Software on 22 October 2015. Page 2 of 5. 32 Comments

First up are some of the disk benchmarks for the host system and then the KVM/Xen/VirtualBox guests

With VirtualBox''s reported result outperforming the bare metal system, it looks like VirtualBox in its default configuration for this SQLite database benchmark isn''t fully honoring fsyncs to the disk compared to KVM and Xen with the performance being too good. While KVM was the slowest, if you''re doing a lot of write-intensive work in your VMs, you are better off letting the VM access a raw partition rather than just setting up a virtual disk.

With the random and sequential writes, VirtualBox was reported to be faster than KVM and Xen but again may be a matter of its different behavior.

When it comes to sequential reads, VirtualBox was slower than the competition.

Dbench is another disk benchmark showing VirtualBox''s different behavior of apparently not writing everything out to the disk during testing with the reported performance being too good.

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http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=ubuntu-1510-virt&num=3

Written by Michael Larabel in Software on 22 October 2015. Page 3 of 5. 32 Comments

KVM was edging past Xen and VirtualBox for the CompileBench test.

With the Parboil OpenMP CPU test, the performance of KVM and Xen effectively matched that of the host system with minimal overhead in having access to all 20 CPU threads and having no other tasks active on the host system during testing. While VirtualBox was configured with the same hardware access, it was much slower than KVM and Xen.

The Rodinia OpenMP test was also showing VirtualBox at a similar disadvantage.

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http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=ubuntu-1510-virt&num=4

Written by Michael Larabel in Software on 22 October 2015. Page 4 of 5. 32 Comments

KVM was faster than Xen at the MAFFT scientific test while VirtualBox 5.0 was nearly twice as slow.

On this Haswell Xeon system, KVM was faster than Xen and VirtualBox.

Xen scored a win past KVM when it came to the GraphicsMagick image resizing test.

There wasn''t a huge performance difference in the largely single-threaded Himeno pressure solver.

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http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=ubuntu-1510-virt&num=5

Written by Michael Larabel in Software on 22 October 2015. Page 5 of 5. 32 Comments

KVM and Xen did fine on the timed kernel compilation benchmark while VirtualBox was much slower.

It seems nearly across the board that VirtualBox 5.0 performs poorly with the multi-threaded tests even though it too had access to all of the Intel Xeon v3''s threads.

There''s only small performance differences in the multimedia encoding tests.

Overall, Xen and KVM were performing well compared to the host''s performance. Xen tended to have the most wins while KVM generally came in right behind and the two were very competitive with one another, either are great solutions for Linux virtualization depending upon your specific needs. The VirtualBox results, however, were a bit concerning at least for its stock configuration with it performing poorly near universally in the multi-threaded benchmarks and the behavior in the disk benchmark also being potentially problematic.

If you would like to support our continued Linux benchmarking work at Phoronix, please consider subscribing to Phoronix Premium.

<转>CentOS / Redhat: Install KVM Virtualization ...

VM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions Intel VT or AMD-V. How do I install KVM under CentOS or Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 5.5?

The Linux kernel 2.6.20 and above included KVM. RHEL 5.5 (and upcoming RHEL 6) supports KVM out of box and it has also been ported to FreeBSD as a loadable kernel module. However, this tutorial is tested on both CentOS and RHEL 5.5 only running 64 bit Intel Xeon CPU (with Intel VT) and 64 bit kernels with SELinux running in enforcing mode.

Why KVM?

XEN allows several guest operating systems to execute on the same computer hardware and it is also included with RHEL 5.5. But, why use KVM over XEN? KVM is part of the official Linux kernel and fully supported by both Novell and Redhat. Xen boots from GRUB and loads a modified host operating system such as RHEL into the dom0 (host domain). KVM do not have concept of dom0 and domU. It uses /dev/kvm interface to setup the guest operating systems and provides required drivers. See the official wiki for more information.

Required Packages

You must install the following packages:

kmod-kvm : kvm kernel module(s)
kvm : Kernel-based Virtual Machine
kvm-qemu-img : Qemu disk image utility
kvm-tools : KVM debugging and diagnostics tools
python-virtinst : Python modules and utilities for installing virtual machines
virt-manager : Virtual Machine Manager (GUI app, to install and configure VMs)
virt-viewer: Virtual Machine Viewer (another lightweight app to view VM console and/or install VMs)
bridge-utils : Utilities for configuring the Linux Ethernet bridge (this is recommended for KVM networking)

KVM Package Group

RHEL comes with KVM software group which includes full virtualization support with KVM. You can list all packages in the group as follows:
# yum groupinfo KVM
Sample outputs:

Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
Setting up Group Process
Group: KVM
 Description: Virtualization Support with KVM
 Mandatory Packages:
   celt051
   etherboot-zroms
   etherboot-zroms-kvm
   kmod-kvm
   kvm
   kvm-qemu-img
   qcairo
   qffmpeg-libs
   qpixman
   qspice-libs
 Default Packages:
   Virtualization-en-US
   libvirt
   virt-manager
   virt-viewer
 Optional Packages:
   celt051-devel
   etherboot-pxes
   etherboot-roms
   etherboot-roms-kvm
   gpxe-roms-qemu
   iasl
   kvm-tools
   libcmpiutil
   libvirt-cim
   qcairo-devel
   qffmpeg-devel
   qpixman-devel
   qspice
   qspice-libs-devel

A Note About libvirt

libvirt is an open source API and management tool for managing platform virtualization. It is used to manage Linux KVM and Xen virtual machines through graphical interfaces such as Virtual Machine Manager and higher level tools such as oVirt. See the official website for more information.

A Note About QEMU

QEMU is a processor emulator that relies on dynamic binary translation to achieve a reasonable speed while being easy to port on new host CPU architectures. When used as a virtualizer, QEMU achieves near native performances by executing the guest code directly on the host CPU. QEMU supports virtualization when executing under the Xen hypervisor or using the KVM kernel module in Linux. When using KVM, QEMU can virtualize x86, server and embedded PowerPC, and S390 guests. See the official website for more information.

A Note About Virtio Drivers

Virtio is paravirtualized drivers for kvm/Linux. With this you can can run multiple virtual machines running unmodified Linux or Windows VMs. Each virtual machine has private virtualized hardware a network card, disk, graphics adapter, etc. According to Redhat:

Para-virtualized drivers enhance the performance of fully virtualized guests. With the para-virtualized drivers guest I/O latency decreases and throughput increases to near bare-metal levels. It is recommended to use the para-virtualized drivers for fully virtualized guests running I/O heavy tasks and applications.

Host Operating System

Your main operating system such as CentOS or RHEL is known as host operating system. KVM is a Linux kernel module that enables a modified QEMU program to use hardware virtualization. You only need to install KVM under host operating systems.

KVM Domains

It is nothing but a guest operating system running under host operating system. Each kvm domain must have a unique name and ID (assigned by system).

Guest Operating Systems

KVM supports various guest operating systems such as

MS-Windows 2008 / 2000 / 2003 Server
MS-Windows 7 / Vista / XP
FreeBSD
OpenBSD
Sun Solaris
Various Linux distributions.
NetBSD
MINIX
QNX
MS DOS
FreeDOS
Haiku
Amiga Research OS

Install KVM

Type the following command to install KVM under RHEL or CentOS:
# yum install kvm virt-viewer virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python python-virtinst
OR
# yum groupinstall KVM

Important Configuration And Log Files (Directories) Location

The following files are required to manage and debug KVM problems:

/etc/libvirt/ - Main configuration directory.
/etc/libvirt/qemu/ - Virtual machine configuration directory. All xml files regarding VMs are stored here. You can edit them manually or via virt-manager.
/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/ - Networking for your KVM including default NAT. NAT is only recommended for small setup or desktops. I strongly suggest you use bridged based networking for performance.
/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml - The default NAT configuration used by NAT device virbr0.
/var/log/libvirt/ - The default log file directory. All VM specific logs files are stored here.
/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf - Master libvirtd configuration file.
/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf - Master configuration file for the QEMU driver.

TCP/UDP Ports

By default libvirt does not opens any TCP or UDP ports. However, you can configure the same by editing the /etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf file. Also, VNC is configured to listen on 127.0.0.1 by default. To make it listen on all public interfaces, edit /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf file.

Our Sample Setup

+-------------> vm#1 ( 10.10.21.71 / 123.1.2.4, CentOS MySQL Server)
                                                                             |
                                                                             +-------------> vm#2 ( 10.10.21.72 / 123.1.2.5, FreeBSD 7 Web Server)
LAN --> Switch    -->  eth0 --> -+   10.10.21.70                             |
                                 | ---> br0 -+      +----------------+       +-------------> vm#3 ( 10.10.21.73 / 123.1.2.6, OpenBSD 4.x Firewall )
                                 |           | ===> |   RHEL Server  |  -----+
                                 |           |      |      KVM       |       +-------------> vm#4 ( 10.10.21.74 / 123.1.2.7, Solaris 10 Testing Server )
                                 | ---> br1 -+      +----------------+       |
Wan --> ISP Router --> eth1 --> -+   123.1.2.3                               +-------------> vm#5 ( 10.10.21.71 / 123.1.2.8, Windows Server Testing Server )
                                                                             |
                                                                             +-------------> vm#6 ( 10.10.21.71 / 123.1.2.9, RHEL Mail Server )

(Fig.01: Our sample server setup - you need to scroll to see complete diagram)

Where,

Host Configuration

OS - RHEL / CentOS v5.5 is our host operating system.
Host has two interface eth0 and eth1
LAN - eth0 with private ip
Internet - eth1 with public IPv4/IPv6 address.
Disk - 73x4 - 15k SAS disk in RAID 10 hardware mode. All VMs are stored on same server (later I will cover SAN/NFS/NAS configuration with live migration).
RAM - 16GB ECC
CPU - Dual core dual Intel Xeon CPU L5320 @ 1.86GHz with VT enabled in BIOS.

Virtual Machine Configuration

Bridged mode networking (eth0 == br0 and eth1 == br1) with full access to both LAN and Internet.
Accelerator virtio drivers used for networking (model=virtio)
Accelerator virtio drivers for disk (if=virtio) and disk will show up as /dev/vd[a-z][1-9] in VM.
Various virtual machines running different guest operating systems as per requirements.

Best Virtualization Performance with KVM and Containers on Arm<sup>®</sup>-based QorIQ SoCs

Best Virtualization Performance with KVM and Containers on Arm^®-based QorIQ SoCs

点击获取完整资源：Best Virtualization Performance with KVM and Containers on Arm^®-based QorIQ SoCs

NXP Powerpoint template confidential 16:9 Widescreen PUBLIC USE DIANA CRĂCIUN SOFTWARE ENGINEER FTF-DES-N1887 MAY 16, 2016 FTF-DES-N1887 BEST VIRTUALIZATION PERFORMANCE WITH KVM ON ARM BASED QORIQ

点击获取完整资源：Best Virtualization Performance with KVM and Containers on Arm^®-based QorIQ SoCs

Comparison-of-OS-emulation-or-virtualization-apps-on-Android

Android上的操作系统仿真或虚拟化应用程序的比较
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_OS_emulation_or_virtualization_apps_on_Android
Android中有许多应用程序可以通过利用对平台虚拟化技术的硬件支持或通过终端仿真来运行或仿真其他操作系统。其中一些应用程序支持具有多个用于不同OS配置文件的仿真/虚拟文件系统，从而具有或运行多个OS的能力。有些甚至支持通过localhost SSH连接运行仿真（让设备上的远程ssh终端应用访问操作系统仿真/ VM，VNC和XSDL）。
如果android设备上支持这些协议或技术的应用程序中有多个，则可以通过androids执行后台任务的功能，将android上的主要仿真器/ VM应用程序用于启动多个仿真/ vm OS，而其他应用程序可以连接，因此可以同时运行多个仿真/ VM OS。但是，有一些模拟器或VM应用程序要求将android设备root根目录才能使该应用程序正常工作，而其他一些模拟器或VM应用程序则不需要。一些远程终端访问应用程序还可以通过设备回送支持访问Android内部实现的ToyBox。某些VM /模拟器应用程序具有一组受支持的操作系统或应用程序。

自Android 8（Oreo）和更高版本的Android版本以来，其中一些应用程序一直在报告问题，因为Google增强了对新版本Android设备的文件访问权限的安全性。某些应用有困难或无法访问SD卡。还据报道，由于对应用程序施加了新的硬件或Android API限制，某些应用程序在使用udisks2，Open vSwitch，Snort（软件）和mininet之类的软件包时遇到了麻烦在最近几年。
因此，这些应用程序开发人员及其社区成员中的许多人都表示，仿真/ VM应用程序可以在没有root用户的情况下运行自身和操作系统，但是，除非设备已获得root用户，否则并非所有软件包都可以运行。

1. OS模拟器或VM Android应用

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_OS_emulation_or_virtualization_apps_on_Android#OS_emulators_or_VM_Android_apps

App Name	类型	设备架构和OS需求	来宾系统架构	rooted	连接技术
Termux	Enhanced Terminal Emulator	/Android 7.0 +	same as host	No	Emulation inside app (none)
AnLinux	Compatibility layer (utilizes Termux)	ARMv7, 64, x86,-64 /Android 5.0 +	same as host	No	SSH, VNC (similar support statement like in UserLAnd.)
Andronix	Compatibility layer (utilizes Termux)	ARMv7,64, x86-64 /Android 5.1 +	same as host	No
UserLAnd Technologies	Compatibility layer	/Android 5.0 +	same as host	No	SSH, VNC, XSDL
GNURoot Debian	Compatibility layer	?/Android < 5.0	same as host	No
LinuxDeploy	Compatibility layer	ARM,64, X86,-64, 仿真模式(ARM ~ 86) /Android 4.0.3 +		Yes
SPC/AT	Computer system emulator	arm仅为VM的android	X86-64 PC…
VMOS (software)	platform virtualization app	?/Andorid 5.0+	same as host	No	Emulation inside app (none)
linux on dex		仅三星/Android < 10		No
VMware Horizon Client	Desktop virtualization	?/Android 5.0 +	连接到服务器: VMware Server, VMware ESXi	No

2. 使用内部操作系统的终端仿真应用

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_OS_emulation_or_virtualization_apps_on_Android#Terminal_emulation_apps_utilizing_internal_OS
App Name Notes
Termius local loopback, SSH, telnet, SFTP.
JuiceSSH local loopback, SSH, telnet, mosh.
ConnectBotlocal loopback, SSH, telnet.

3. 更多
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators
本文列出了模拟计算平台的软件和硬件。本文中的主机是运行仿真器的系统，而来宾是正在仿真的系统。
该列表由来宾操作系统（正在仿真的系统）组织，并按bitness分组。每个部分均包含一个能够仿真指定来宾的仿真器列表，能够仿真的来宾系统范围的详细信息以及所需的主机环境和许可。

Comparison-of-platform-virtualization-software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_platform_virtualization_software
除了跨平台的virtualBox，这里有近70种虚拟化软件...
$ pacman -Si virtualBox
Repository : community
Name : virtualBox
Version : 6.1.4-3
Description : Powerful x86 virtualization for enterprise as well as home use
Architecture : x86_64
URL : https://virtualBox.org/
Licenses : GPL custom
...

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