如何使用 Laravel Eloquent 创建多个 Where 子句查询？

25-02-19 17

在本文中，我们将为您详细介绍如何使用LaravelEloquent创建多个Where子句查询？的相关知识，此外，我们还会提供一些关于Laravel5框架学习之Eloquent关系，laravelelo

在本文中，我们将为您详细介绍如何使用 Laravel Eloquent 创建多个 Where 子句查询？的相关知识，此外，我们还会提供一些关于Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent 关系，laraveleloquent_PHP教程、Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM），laraveleloquent、Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM），laraveleloquent_PHP教程、Laravel Eloquent Query 使用 WHERE 和 OR AND OR？的有用信息。

本文目录一览：

如何使用 Laravel Eloquent 创建多个 Where 子句查询？
Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent 关系，laraveleloquent_PHP教程
Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM），laraveleloquent
Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM），laraveleloquent_PHP教程
Laravel Eloquent Query 使用 WHERE 和 OR AND OR？

如何使用 Laravel Eloquent 创建多个 Where 子句查询？

我正在使用 Laravel Eloquent 查询构建器，并且我有一个查询，我想要一个WHERE关于多个条件的子句。它有效，但并不优雅。

例子：

$results = User::where(''this'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''that'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''this_too'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''that_too'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''this_as_well'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''that_as_well'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''this_one_too'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''that_one_too'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''this_one_as_well'', ''='', 1)    ->where(''that_one_as_well'', ''='', 1)    ->get();

有没有更好的方法来做到这一点，还是我应该坚持这种方法？

答案1

小编典典

在 Laravel 5.3中（在7.x中仍然如此），您可以使用更细粒度的 wheres 作为数组传递：

$query->where([    [''column_1'', ''='', ''value_1''],    [''column_2'', ''<>'', ''value_2''],    [COLUMN, OPERATOR, VALUE],    ...])

就我个人而言，我还没有通过多次调用找到这个用例where，但事实是你可以使用它。

自 2014 年 6 月起，您可以将数组传递给where

只要你想要所有的wheresuseand运算符，你可以这样分组：

$matchThese = [''field'' => ''value'', ''another_field'' => ''another_value'', ...];// if you need another group of wheres as an alternative:$orThose = [''yet_another_field'' => ''yet_another_value'', ...];

然后：

$results = User::where($matchThese)->get();// with another group$results = User::where($matchThese)    ->orWhere($orThose)    ->get();

以上将导致这样的查询：

SELECT * FROM users  WHERE (field = value AND another_field = another_value AND ...)  OR (yet_another_field = yet_another_value AND ...)

Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent 关系，laraveleloquent_PHP教程

laravel 5框架学习之eloquent 关系，laraveleloquent

一个用户可能有多个文章，一个文章是某个用户书写的，这就是关系。同样文章中可能包含多个 tag，而一个 tag 可能关联多个文章。

在项目中，我们已经有了 User.php，也就是用户模型，查看一下，相当简单。我们希望直接使用 $user->articles() 的形式获取全部文章，让我们修改 user 模型：

  public function articles() {
    return $this->hasMany(''App\Article'');
  }

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但是我们仅仅完成了关系中的一端，让我们来处理另一端。我们希望的形式是 $article->user() ，让我们修改 article 模型。

  public function user() {
    return $this->belongsTo(''App\User'');
  }

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在我们的数据库中，文章模型没有用户的外键，我们需要设置，修改 create_article_table.php

 Schema::create(''articles'', function(Blueprint $table)
 {
  $table->increments(''id'');
      //指定外键列
      $table->integer(''user_id'')->unsigned();
      $table->string(''title'');
      $table->text(''body'');
      $table->timestamp(''published_at'');
  $table->timestamps();

      //生成外键
      $table->foreign(''user_id'')
        ->references(''id'')
        ->on(''users'')
        ->onDelete(''cascade'');
 });

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因为我们只是在开发阶段，还没有上线运行，我们可以直接修改数据库迁移文件，回滚然后迁移即可，但是如果上线运行的话，应该新建一个迁移。

立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记（深入）”；

php artisan migrate:refresh

#输出信息
Rolled back: 2015_03_28_050138_create_article_table
Rolled back: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Rolled back: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Nothing to rollback.
Migrated: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrated: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Migrated: 2015_03_28_050138_create_article_table
Migrated: 2015_03_28_051200_add_excerpt_to_articels_table

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现在让我们使用 tinker 来创建一个用户。

php artisan tinker
Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman

#下面是执行过程
>>> $user = new App\User;
=> <App\User #000000007f1ad61a000000006497cc4f> {}
>>> $user->name = ''zhang jinglin'';
=> "zhang jinglin"
>>> $user->email = ''zjl@example.com'';
=> "zjl@example.com"
>>> $user->password = bcrypt(''pass'');
=> "$2y$10$Nbl2b9wqd.rXqKEsd3pRSOoIyFAFIhbqf71BufwDfS3Guv21SlEx2"
>>> $user->save();
=> true
>>> App\User::first()->toArray();
=> [
    "id"     => "1",
    "name"    => "zhang jinglin",
    "email"   => "zjl@example.com",
    "created_at" => "2015-03-31 03:24:55",
    "updated_at" => "2015-03-31 03:24:55"
  ]
>>>

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现在我们需要新发布的文章和用户关联，我们暂时先修改 form_partial.blade.php 来隐藏一个用户id，只是暂时：

复制代码代码如下:
{{--临时处理--}}
{!! Form::hidden(''user_id'', 1) !!}

同时要修改模型的 $fillabel 属性，以便我们的 Mass Assisment。

 protected $fillable = [
    ''title'',
    ''body'',
    ''published_at'',
    ''user_id'' //临时设置
  ];

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OK，添加一个文章。我们使用 tinker 来查看一下。

php artisan tinker
Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman
>>> App\Article::first()->toArray();
=> [
    "id"      => "1",
    "user_id"   => "1",
    "title"    => "User 1 Article",
    "body"     => "User 1 Body",
    "published_at" => "2015-03-31 08:00:00",
    "created_at"  => "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
    "updated_at"  => "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
    "excerpt"   => null
  ]

#获取用户
>>> $user = App\User::first();
=> <App\User #0000000051cbb9d70000000073e11a3e> {
    id: "1",
    name: "zhang jinglin",
    email: "zjl@example.com",
    created_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55",
    updated_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55"
  }

#获取用户文章
>>> $user->articles()->toArray();
BadMethodCallException with message ''Call to undefined method Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder::toArray()''
>>> $user->articles->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "user_id"   => "1",
      "title"    => "User 1 Article",
      "body"     => "User 1 Body",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-31 08:00:00",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
      "excerpt"   => null
    ]
  ]
  
#为什么使用 $user->articles 而不是 #user->articles()&#63;
#事实上，$user->articles()返回的是关系，如果你想用 articles() 你需要这样用
>>> $user->articles()->get()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "user_id"   => "1",
      "title"    => "User 1 Article",
      "body"     => "User 1 Body",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-31 08:00:00",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
      "excerpt"   => null
    ]
  ]
  
#你只能使用 articles() 来进行下一步的工作，比如下面的查询

$user->articles()->where(''title'', ''User 1 Article'')->get();

#我们也可以通过 article 获取 user

>>> $article = App\Article::first();
=> <App\Article #0000000051cbb9d60000000073e11a3e> {
    id: "1",
    user_id: "1",
    title: "User 1 Article",
    body: "User 1 Body",
    published_at: "2015-03-31 08:00:00",
    created_at: "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
    updated_at: "2015-03-31 04:17:58",
    excerpt: null
  }
>>> $article->user;
=> <App\User #0000000051cbb92d0000000073e11a3e> {
    id: "1",
    name: "zhang jinglin",
    email: "zjl@example.com",
    created_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55",
    updated_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55"
  }
>>>

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以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢。

http://www.bkjia.com/PHPjc/981355.htmlwww.bkjia.comtruehttp://www.bkjia.com/PHPjc/981355.htmlTechArticleLaravel 5框架学习之Eloquent 关系，laraveleloquent 一个用户可能有多个文章，一个文章是某个用户书写的，这就是关系。同样文章中可能包含多个...

Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM），laraveleloquent

laravel 5框架学习之eloquent （laravel 的orm），laraveleloquent

我们来生成第一个模型

复制代码代码如下:
php artisan make:model Article
#输出
Model created successfully.
Created Migration: 2015_03_28_062517_create_articles_table

查看一下生成的文件 app/Article.php

<&#63;php namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model {

 //

}

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没什么特别的，除了继承自 Model 以外，但是具有强大的功能，这些都封装在laravel的Model中。模型自动具有了 save() update() findXXX() 等强大的功能。

tinker 是 laravel提供的命令行工具，可以和项目进行交互。

php artisan tinker

#以下是在tinker中的交互输入
Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman
>>> $name = ''zhang jinglin'';
=> "zhang jinglin"

>>> $name
=> "zhang jinglin"

>>> $article = new App\Article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {}

>>> $article->title = ''My First Article'';
=> "My First Article"

>>> $article->body = ''Some content...'';
=> "Some content..."

>>> $article->published_at = Carbon\Carbon::now();
=> <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
    date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
    timezone_type: 3,
    timezone: "UTC"
  }

>>> $article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {
    title: "My First Article",
    body: "Some content...",
    published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
      date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      timezone_type: 3,
      timezone: "UTC"
    }
  }

>>> $article->toArray();
=> [
    "title"    => "My First Article",
    "body"     => "Some content...",
    "published_at" => <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
      date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      timezone_type: 3,
      timezone: "UTC"
    }
  ]

>>> $article->save();
=> true

#查看数据结果，添加了一条记录

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "title"    => "My First Article",
      "body"     => "Some content...",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53"
    ]
  ]

>>> $article->title = ''My First Update Title'';
=> "My First Update Title"

>>> $article->save();
=> true

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "title"    => "My First Update Title",
      "body"     => "Some content...",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
    ]
  ]
  
>>> $article = App\Article::find(1);
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1600000000ab91a676> {
    id: "1",
    title: "My First Update Title",
    body: "Some content...",
    published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
  }

>>> $article = App\Article::where(''body'', ''Some content...'')->get();
=> <Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection #000000005c4b7e1800000000ab91a676> [
    <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1b00000000ab91a676> {
      id: "1",
      title: "My First Update Title",
      body: "Some content...",
      published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
    }
  ]

>>> $article = App\Article::where(''body'', ''Some content...'')->first();
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1900000000ab91a676> {
    id: "1",
    title: "My First Update Title",
    body: "Some content...",
    published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
  }
>>> 

>>> $article = App\Article::create([''title'' => ''New Article'', ''body'' => ''New body'', ''published_at'' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\MassAssignmentException with message ''title''

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MassAssignmentException，laravel保护我们不能直接插入记录。比如，在一些特殊情况下我们需要直接利用表单的信息填充数据库记录，但是如果我们并没有在表单中添加密码字段，而黑客产生了密码字段连同我们的其他字段一起送回服务器，这将产生修改密码的危险，所以我们必须明确的告诉laravel我们的模型那些字段是可以直接填充的。

修改我们的模型文件 Article.php

<&#63;php namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model {

 protected $fillable = [
    ''title'',
    ''body'',
    ''published_at''
  ];

}

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表示，title, body, published_at 是可以直接填充的。

退出 tinker，重新进入

>>> $article = App\Article::create([''title'' => ''New Article'', ''body'' => ''New body'', ''published_at'' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b2c7000000007ec432dd> {
    title: "New Article",
    body: "New body",
    published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005051b2c6000000007ec4081d> {
      date: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
      timezone_type: 3,
      timezone: "UTC"
    },
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    id: 2
  }
  
# It''s ok

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "title"    => "My First Update Title",
      "body"     => "Some content...",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
    ],
    [
      "id"      => "2",
      "title"    => "New Article",
      "body"     => "New body",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
    ]
  ]

>>> $article = App\Article::find(2);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b22b000000007ec432dd> {
    id: "2",
    title: "New Article",
    body: "New body",
    published_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
  }

>>> $article->update([''body'' => ''New Updaet Body'']);
=> true

#update自动调用save()

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以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望能够对大家学习Laravel5框架有所帮助。

Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM），laraveleloquent_PHP教程

laravel 5框架学习之eloquent （laravel 的orm），laraveleloquent

我们来生成第一个模型

复制代码代码如下:
php artisan make:model Article
#输出
Model created successfully.
Created Migration: 2015_03_28_062517_create_articles_table

查看一下生成的文件 app/Article.php

<&#63;php namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model {

 //

}

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没什么特别的，除了继承自 Model 以外，但是具有强大的功能，这些都封装在laravel的Model中。模型自动具有了 save() update() findXXX() 等强大的功能。

tinker 是 laravel提供的命令行工具，可以和项目进行交互。

php artisan tinker

#以下是在tinker中的交互输入
Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman
>>> $name = ''zhang jinglin'';
=> "zhang jinglin"

>>> $name
=> "zhang jinglin"

>>> $article = new App\Article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {}

>>> $article->title = ''My First Article'';
=> "My First Article"

>>> $article->body = ''Some content...'';
=> "Some content..."

>>> $article->published_at = Carbon\Carbon::now();
=> <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
    date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
    timezone_type: 3,
    timezone: "UTC"
  }

>>> $article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {
    title: "My First Article",
    body: "Some content...",
    published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
      date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      timezone_type: 3,
      timezone: "UTC"
    }
  }

>>> $article->toArray();
=> [
    "title"    => "My First Article",
    "body"     => "Some content...",
    "published_at" => <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
      date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      timezone_type: 3,
      timezone: "UTC"
    }
  ]

>>> $article->save();
=> true

#查看数据结果，添加了一条记录

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "title"    => "My First Article",
      "body"     => "Some content...",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53"
    ]
  ]

>>> $article->title = ''My First Update Title'';
=> "My First Update Title"

>>> $article->save();
=> true

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "title"    => "My First Update Title",
      "body"     => "Some content...",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
    ]
  ]
  
>>> $article = App\Article::find(1);
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1600000000ab91a676> {
    id: "1",
    title: "My First Update Title",
    body: "Some content...",
    published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
  }

>>> $article = App\Article::where(''body'', ''Some content...'')->get();
=> <Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection #000000005c4b7e1800000000ab91a676> [
    <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1b00000000ab91a676> {
      id: "1",
      title: "My First Update Title",
      body: "Some content...",
      published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
    }
  ]

>>> $article = App\Article::where(''body'', ''Some content...'')->first();
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1900000000ab91a676> {
    id: "1",
    title: "My First Update Title",
    body: "Some content...",
    published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
  }
>>> 

>>> $article = App\Article::create([''title'' => ''New Article'', ''body'' => ''New body'', ''published_at'' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\MassAssignmentException with message ''title''

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修改我们的模型文件 Article.php

立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记（深入）”；

<&#63;php namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model {

 protected $fillable = [
    ''title'',
    ''body'',
    ''published_at''
  ];

}

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表示，title, body, published_at 是可以直接填充的。

退出 tinker，重新进入

>>> $article = App\Article::create([''title'' => ''New Article'', ''body'' => ''New body'', ''published_at'' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b2c7000000007ec432dd> {
    title: "New Article",
    body: "New body",
    published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005051b2c6000000007ec4081d> {
      date: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
      timezone_type: 3,
      timezone: "UTC"
    },
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    id: 2
  }
  
# It''s ok

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
    [
      "id"      => "1",
      "title"    => "My First Update Title",
      "body"     => "Some content...",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
    ],
    [
      "id"      => "2",
      "title"    => "New Article",
      "body"     => "New body",
      "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
      "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
      "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
    ]
  ]

>>> $article = App\Article::find(2);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b22b000000007ec432dd> {
    id: "2",
    title: "New Article",
    body: "New body",
    published_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
    updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
  }

>>> $article->update([''body'' => ''New Updaet Body'']);
=> true

#update自动调用save()

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Laravel Eloquent Query 使用 WHERE 和 OR AND OR？

我怎么说WHERE (a = 1 OR b =1 ) AND (c = 1 OR d = 1)

对于更复杂的查询，我应该使用原始 SQL 吗？

答案1

小编典典

利用逻辑分组（Laravel
7.x /
4.2）。对于您的示例，它将是这样的：

Model::where(function ($query) {    $query->where(''a'', ''='', 1)          ->orWhere(''b'', ''='', 1);})->where(function ($query) {    $query->where(''c'', ''='', 1)          ->orWhere(''d'', ''='', 1);});

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