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oracle 11g dataguard维护注意事项（oracle dataguard 11g完全参考手册）

1

这篇文章主要围绕oracle11gdataguard维护注意事项和oracledataguard11g完全参考手册展开，旨在为您提供一份详细的参考资料。我们将全面介绍oracle11gdataguar

这篇文章主要围绕oracle 11g dataguard维护注意事项和oracle dataguard 11g完全参考手册展开，旨在为您提供一份详细的参考资料。我们将全面介绍oracle 11g dataguard维护注意事项的优缺点，解答oracle dataguard 11g完全参考手册的相关问题，同时也会为您带来(PLSQL + Oracle 11g 64bit + 32位oci.dll文件) 访问Oracle 11g、How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6、Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘、Oracle - 安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2的实用方法。

本文目录一览：

oracle 11g dataguard维护注意事项（oracle dataguard 11g完全参考手册）

oracle 11g dataguard维护注意事项（oracle dataguard 11g完全参考手册）

1.检查primary和standby节点归档日志是否一至

(1).primary节点的归档日志

sql> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            /u01/oradata/tong/archive

Oldest online log sequence     111

Next log sequence to archive   113

Current log sequence           113   --primary和standby节点这个数字一至就可以了

sql> 

(2).standby节点的归档日志

sql> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            /u01/oradata/tong/archive

Oldest online log sequence     112

Next log sequence to archive   0

Current log sequence           113

sql> 

2.检查primary和stendby两个节点是否归档和开启闪回

sql> select log_mode ,force_logging,flashback_on from v$database;

LOG_MODE     FOR FLASHBACK_ON

------------ --- ------------------

ARCHIVELOG    YES  NO

sql> 

3.查看primary和stendby节点监听是否启动或正常状态

[oracle@dg1 ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 11-NOV-2016 14:39:14

copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.3.55)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                11-NOV-2016 14:39:04

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 10 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /u01/diag/tnslsnr/dg1/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.3.55)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "tong" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "tong", status UNKNowN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[oracle@dg1 ~]$ 

4.检查primary和stendby节点归档目录是否一至(log_archive_dest_1)

sql> show parameter log_archive_dest_1

NAME                         TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

log_archive_dest_1               string      LOCATION=/u01/oradata/tong/archive                                      valid_for(all_logfiles,all_roles) 

db_unique_name=tong

log_archive_dest_10              string

log_archive_dest_11              string

5.检查磁盘使用空间(有时由于磁盘空间不够,闪回恢复区不能写入文件)

[oracle@dg1 ~]$ df -TH

Filesystem    Type     Size   Used  Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3     ext3     17G    11G   4.4G  72% /

/dev/sda1     ext3     510M    28M   456M   6% /boot

tmpfs        tmpfs    1.1G   520M   523M  50% /dev/shm

[oracle@dg1 ~]$ 

6.正确打开dataguard数据库(先启动primary节点数据库,后在standby节点开启日志传送模式)

(1).在primary节点打开数据库

sql> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sql> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                  2217912 bytes

Variable Size             532678728 bytes

Database Buffers          293601280 bytes

Redo Buffers                2433024 bytes

Database mounted.

sql> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

sql> alter database open;

Database altered.

sql> select * from dual;

D

-

X

sql> 

(2).在standby节点

sql> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                  2217912 bytes

Variable Size             490735688 bytes

Database Buffers          335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers                2433024 bytes

sql> alter database mount standby database;

Database altered.

sql> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

sql> 

7.正确关闭数据库(先在syandby断开复制,然后在primary关闭数据库)

(1).standby节点

sql> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Database altered.

sql> shutdown immediate

ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sql> 

(2).primary节点

sql> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sql> 

8.在syandby节点修改数据库为read only模式

(1).primary节点的数据库是open状态

(2).standby节点的数据库是日志传送状态

sql> recover managed standby database cancel;    --结束日志传送状态

Media recovery complete.

sql> alter database open read only;     --将数据库的状态修改为read only

Database altered.

sql> select * from t;

    A

-------------------

    1

    2

    3

    4

    6

    7

    8

7 rows selected.

sql> 

9.将standby节点的数据库由read only修改为日志传送状态

sql> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

sql> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sql> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                  2217912 bytes

Variable Size             490735688 bytes

Database Buffers          335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers                2433024 bytes

Database mounted.

sql> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

sql> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

MOUNTED

sql> 

10.查看日志传送的信息

(1).primary节点当前的日志信息

sql> select sequence#,status from v$log;

 SEQUENCE# STATUS

---------- ----------------

   127   ACTIVE

   128   CURRENT

   126   ACTIVE

sql> 

(2).standby节点正在传送的日志信息

sql> SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;

PROCESS   STATUS          THREAD#  SEQUENCE#     BLOCK#     BLOCKS

--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

ARCH      CLOSING         1        127         1       6

ARCH      CLOSING         1        125         1       271

ARCH      CONNECTED       0         0           0       0

ARCH      CLOSING         1        126         1       43

RFS       IDLE           0         0          0       0

RFS       IDLE           0         0          0       0

RFS       IDLE           1        128         182      1

RFS       IDLE           0         0          0       0

MRP0      WAIT_FOR_LOG     1         128         0        0

9 rows selected.

sql> 

11.检查standby节点的备库是否与主库同步

(1).primary节点查看已经归档的日志

sql> SELECT ARCHIVED_THREAD#, ARCHIVED_SEq#, APPLIED_THREAD#, APPLIED_SEq# FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;

ARCHIVED_THREAD# ARCHIVED_SEq# APPLIED_THREAD# APPLIED_SEq#

---------------- ------------- --------------- ------------

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          1          124

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0

    1        127          0          0  --表示在127以前的日志全部归档

11 rows selected.

sql> 

(2).standby节点的归档日志信息

sql> SELECT ARCHIVED_THREAD#, ARCHIVED_SEq#, APPLIED_THREAD#, APPLIED_SEq# FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;

ARCHIVED_THREAD# ARCHIVED_SEq# APPLIED_THREAD# APPLIED_SEq#

---------------- ------------- --------------- ------------

     1        127        0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     0         0         0           0

     1         127       1          127  

11 rows selected.

sql> 

12.在standby节点查看dataguard的状态

sql> select message from v$dataguard_status;

13.primary和standby正常切换状态

(1).在primary节点查看是否可以切换

sql> select switchover_status from v$database;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS

--------------------

TO STANDBY      

SWITCHOVER_STATUS:TO STANDBY表示可以正常切换.如果SWITCHOVER_STATUS的值为SESSIONS ACTIVE,表示当前有会话处于ACTIVE状态

如果SWITCHOVER_STATUS的值为TO STANDBY 则:
sql> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;
如果SWITCHOVER_STATUS的值为SESSIONS ACTIVE 则:
sql> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
成功运行这个命令后，主库被修改为备库

sql> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;

Database altered.

sql> shutdown immediate

ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

sql> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                  2217912 bytes

Variable Size             532678728 bytes

Database Buffers          293601280 bytes

Redo Buffers                2433024 bytes

Database mounted.

sql> select switchover_status from v$database;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS

--------------------

TO PRIMARY

sql> 

(2).standby节点

(PLSQL + Oracle 11g 64bit + 32位oci.dll文件) 访问Oracle 11g

(PLSQL + Oracle 11g 64bit + 32位oci.dll文件) 访问Oracle 11g

(PLsql Developer + Oracle 11g 64位客户端 + 32位oci.dll文件) 访问Oracle 11g 数据库服务器的方法及说明：

PLsql Developer 连接 64位Oracle 数据库需要找到两个东东：

1、32位的 oci.dll 文件
因为PLsql Developer 为32位软件，故在访问 Oracle 11g 64位数据库时，需首先经过32位的oci.dll这个中间人再与64位oracle 数据库通信。故在PLsql Developer访问 64位oracle 数据库时，必须要能能找到 32位的 oci.dll文件位置。
2、ORACLE_HOME 目录（即 Oracle主目录）
找 ORACLE_HOME 是为了找到 tnsnames.ora .tnsnames.ora存储数据库连接信息。tnsnames.ora可通过”Net Configuration Assistant”配置，或直接从别的计算机上复制一个该文件放置到 Oracle客户端主目录\network\admin 中即可
解决方法多种多样，但要实现的目标也就上面两个。

具体操作步骤：

安装完 Oracle 64位客户端后，进行以下两步设置：
1 环境变量
新增： ORACLE_HOME,指定值为Oracle 64位客户端主目录，如 D:\app\database\product\11.2.0\client_1
使环境变量生效：注销计算机或在CMD命令中执行：C:> set ORACLE_HOME=D:\app\database\product\11.2.0\client_1

2 打开 PLsql Developer,选择“Cancel(或取消)”进入主界面。
选择 tool(工具）-> options(首选项）-> Oracle:指定以下两项
Oracle 主目录：（注：此处不设置ORACLE_HOME,环境变量中已设定）
Oci库:选择 32位oci.dll文件所在目录及文件名，如 :d:\app\oraclient\oci.dll

说明： 1、测试不在Windows 环境变量中指定ORACLE_HOME,而是直接在 PLsql Developer 中指定 “Oracle 主目录”与 “OCI库文件”,连接不成功。 2、32位 oci.dll的获取有两种方式，一是再安装一个32位Oracle 11g 客户端；二是直接从网络下载一个包含32位 oci.dll 的简易安装包。

How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

by Ginny Henningsen; updated by Michele Casey

How to simplify the installation of Oracle Database 12c or 11g on Oracle Linux 6 by installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM package, which automatically performs a number of tasks, such as installing required software packages, resolving package dependencies, and modifying kernel parameters.

 

Published September 2012 (updated September 2017)

READ THIS FIRST: Important Changes Since Publication

While the content in this article is still valid, several details have changed.  For example:

  • For Oracle Database 12c Release 2, the preinstall RPM has a different name than the one used in the article belowpu:
    • oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall
    • See also this documentation: Automatically Configuring Oracle Linux with Oracle Preinstallation RPM
  • The preinstall RPMs are published on Oracle Linux yum server for both Oracle Linux 6 and 7 in the Latest repositories which are configured and enabled by default in recent releases of Oracle Linux 6 and 7 


 

Introducing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM for Oracle Linux

Before installing Oracle Database 12c or 11g on a system, you need to preconfigure the operating environment since the database requires certain software packages, package versions, and tweaks to kernel parameters. (Be sure to review the appropriate Oracle Database installation guide to familiarize yourself with hardware, software, and operating system requirements.)

Want to comment on this article? Post the link on Facebook''s OTN Garage page.  Have a similar article to share? Bring it up on Facebook or Twitter and let''s discuss.

Note: This article applies to Oracle Linux 6. A previous article, "How I Simplified Oracle Database Installation on Oracle Linux," covered performing a similar task on versions of Oracle Linux 5.

On Oracle Linux, I discovered that there is a remarkably easy way to address these installation prerequisites: First, depending on your database version, install either the RPM package called oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall. This RPM performs a number of preconfiguration steps, including the following:

  • Automatically downloading and installing any additional software packages and specific package versions needed for installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database 12 c Release 1 (12.1) or 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3), with package dependencies resolved via yum or up2date capabilities.
  • Creating the user oracle and the groups oinstall (for OraInventory) and dba (for OSDBA), which are used during database installation. (For security purposes, this user has no password by default and cannot log in remotely. To enable remote login, please set a password using the passwd tool.)
  • Modifying kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf to change settings for shared memory, semaphores, the maximum number of file descriptors, and so on.
  • Setting hard and soft shell resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf, such as the locked-in memory address space, the number of open files, the number of processes, and core file size.
  • Setting numa=off in the kernel for x86_64 machines.

Note that oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall parses the existing /etc/sysctl.conf and /etc/security/limits.conf files and updates values only as needed for database installation. Any precustomized settings not related to database installation are left as is.

The oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM packages are accessible through the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN, which requires a support contract), from the Oracle Linux distribution media, or from the Oracle public yum repository. Thus, whether or not your system is registered with ULN to access Oracle patches and support, you can use oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall to simplify database installation on Oracle Linux. In addition, the Oracle public yum repository now includes all security and bug errata, ensuring systems are secured and stable with the latest security updates and bug fixes.

Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM

The remainder of this article steps through the procedure that I used for installing oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall on Oracle Linux via the Oracle public yum repository. The same steps outlined in the following section can be used for either version of the preinstall RPM package. I started with a system running Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86_64, a 64-bit version of Oracle Linux that I downloaded from the Oracle software delivery cloud (requires registration or login). First, I set up a yum configuration file that pointed to the correct repository, and then I installed the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM from that repository.

Here are the steps for preconfiguring a system for Oracle Database installation using oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall. Remember, the steps are the same when using the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall package; you simply need to change the name of the RPM package during the yum installation step.

  1. As an authorized user (for example, root), retrieve the file that configures repository locations:
      
    # cd /etc/yum.repos.d

# wget http://yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
  2. Using a text editor, modify the file, changing the field enabled=0 to enabled=1 to reflect repositories that correspond to the machine''s operating system release.
     

    Here is an excerpt of public-yum-old6.repo with the changed lines in boldface.

    [ol6_latest]

name=Oracle Linux $releasever Latest ($basearch)

baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/latest/$basearch/

gpgkey=http://yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1





[ol6_UEK_latest]

name=Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)

baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/UEK/latest/$basearch/

gpgkey=http://yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1
     

    Because the target system is running Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86_64, which installs the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel by default, there are two repositories to enable, [ol6_latest] and [ol6_UEK_latest].

  3. Next, install the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM using the yum install command. If you are using Oracle Database 12c, then you would type yum install.
     

    The output in Listing 1 shows how the installation checks dependencies and then downloads and installs the required packages.

    # yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin, security

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed

---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed

---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.6-4.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64

---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) for package: gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64

---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.80.el6_3.4 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6 will be installed

---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed

---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64

---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64

---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek will be installed

---> Package ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution



Dependencies Resolved



================================================================================

 Package                         Arch   Version                Repository  Size

================================================================================

Installing:

 oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

                                 x86_64 1.0-6.el6              ol6_latest  15 k

Installing for dependencies:

 cloog-ppl                       x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6         ol6_latest  93 k

 compat-libcap1                  x86_64 1.10-1                 ol6_latest  17 k

 compat-libstdc++-33             x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6           ol6_latest 183 k

 cpp                             x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest 3.7 M

 gcc                             x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest  10 M

 gcc-c++                         x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest 4.7 M

 glibc-devel                     x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.4      ol6_latest 970 k

 glibc-headers                   x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.4      ol6_latest 600 k

 kernel-uek-headers              x86_64 2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek ol6_latest 713 k

 ksh                             x86_64 20100621-16.el6        ol6_latest 684 k

 libaio-devel                    x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6         ol6_latest  13 k

 libstdc++-devel                 x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6            ol6_latest 1.5 M

 mpfr                            x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6            ol6_latest 156 k

 ppl                             x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6          ol6_latest 1.3 M



Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install      15 Package(s)



Total download size: 25 M

Installed size: 61 M

Is this ok [y/N]: Downloading Packages:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                           710 kB/s |  25 MB     00:35     

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction



  Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64                                     1/15 

  Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                          2/15 

  Installing : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                      3/15 

  Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64                                    4/15 

  Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64                             5/15 

  Installing : kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek.x86_64            6/15 

  Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                      7/15 

  Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                        8/15 

  Installing : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                      9/15 

  Installing : gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                 10/15 

  Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64                    11/15 

  Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                         12/15 

  Installing : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64                                 13/15 

  Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64                               14/15 



  Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64      15/15 

  Verifying  : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                      1/15

  Verifying  : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64                                2/15 

  Verifying  : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64                                  3/15 

  Verifying  : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                        4/15 

  Verifying  : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                          5/15 

  Verifying  : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64       6/15 

  Verifying  : gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                  7/15 

  Verifying  : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.4.x86_64                      8/15 

  Verifying  : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                          9/15 

  Verifying  : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64                    10/15 

  Verifying  : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64                                    11/15 

  Verifying  : kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek.x86_64           12/15 

  Verifying  : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64                                     13/15 

  Verifying  : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64                                   14/15 

  Verifying  : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64                            15/15 



Installed:

  oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6                       



Dependency Installed:

  cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6                                             

  compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1                                                

  compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6                                     

  cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                      

  gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                      

  gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                  

  glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4                                        

  glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.4                                      

  kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-300.32.1.el6uek                            

  ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6                                                  

  libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6                                          

  libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                          

  mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6                                                     

  ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6                                                    



Complete!

    Listing 1: Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM

    The yum installation logs messages about kernel changes in the file /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/results/orakernel.log, and it makes backups of current system settings in the directory /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/backup.

  4. At this point, the system is ready for the installation of Oracle Database. For example, to install Oracle Database 11g Release 2, follow the directions in Chapter 4, "Installing Oracle Database," of the Database Installation Guide for Linux."
     

    Here are the steps I followed while installing Oracle Database 11g Release 2 in my test environment. Make sure you review all documentation and follow recommended best practices before installing into your production environment.

    1. As root, create a parent directory in a file system that has sufficient space to be the target location for the downloaded files:
        
      # mkdir /home/OraDB11g

# cd /home/OraDB11g
       

      The amount of disk space needed in the file system varies according to the specific installation type, but roughly twice the size of the zip archives, or 5 GB, is enough to house the software and data files.

    2. Into this target directory, download the installation media files from the Oracle Database Software Downloads page on Oracle Technology Network.
    3. Extract the files:
        
      # unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
    4. Log in as the user oracle. Change directory to the database directory and enter the following command to run the Oracle Universal Installer:
        
      $ cd /home/OraDB11g/database

$ ./runInstaller

    The Oracle Universal Installer performs a number of checks, verifying that the necessary OS packages and versions are installed. In addition, it checks kernel parameters set by the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall installation. During the kernel settings check, the installer might flag a few settings as "failed," and you should investigate these failures. In some cases, you still might be able to continue with the database installation. If you check kernel settings in /etc/sysctl.conf, you''ll see that oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall has modified and added the necessary settings to ensure the minimum requirements are met, as defined in section 2.10.1, "Displaying and Changing Kernel Parameter Values," in Chapter 2, "Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements," of the Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release2 (11.2) for Linux. Below is the list of requirements:

    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
     

    If necessary, you can (as root) edit the file /etc/sysctl.conf to specify a setting manually, for example:

    # vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

# /sbin/sysctl -p
     

    The Oracle Universal Installer performs additional checks, such as verifying the glibc version, sufficient disk space, environmental variable and path settings, and sufficient physical memory and swap space. Generally, installing oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall takes care of the prerequisites so that you can proceed directly with installing the database.

Final Thoughts

Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPMs can save time when installing Oracle Database 12c and 11g on Oracle Linux. These RPMs address most Oracle Database installation prerequisites and greatly simplify the installation process.

See Also

Here are the resources referenced earlier in this document:

  • Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network: https://linux.oracle.com
  • Oracle Linux yum server: http://yum.oracle.com/
  • Oracle software delivery cloud (requires registration or login): https://edelivery.oracle.com/linux
  • Chapter 4, "Installing Oracle Database," of the Database Installation Guide for Linux: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24321/inst_task.htm#BABBBHJH
  • Oracle Database Software Downloads page on Oracle Technology Network: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

And here are some additional resources from the Oracle Database Documentation Library (http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/homepage). Relevant subsections from the Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux (http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/toc.htm) with currently valid URLs are as follows:

  • "About the Oracle RDBMS Pre-Install and Oracle Validated RPMs" from Chapter 1, "Overview of Oracle Database Installation": http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/install_overview.htm#BABDBHCJ
  • Chapter 2, "Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements": http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/pre_install.htm#BABFDGHJ
  • "Downloading Oracle Software" from Chapter 4, "Installing Oracle Database," which describes how to download installation files from the Oracle Technology Network Website: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e16763/inst_task.htm#autoId6

Also see the blog entry "Oracle RDBMS Server 11gR2 Pre-Install RPM for Oracle Linux 6 has been released": https://blogs.oracle.com/linux/entry/oracle_rdbms_server_11gr2_pre

About the Authors

Ginny Henningsen has worked for the last 15 years as a freelance writer developing technical collateral and documentation for high-tech companies. Prior to that, Ginny worked for Sun Microsystems, Inc. as a Systems Engineer in King of Prussia, PA and Milwaukee, WI. Ginny has a BA from Carnegie-Mellon University and a MSCS from Villanova University.

Michele Casey is the Director of Product Management for Oracle Linux. She has worked with commercial Linux distributions and open source projects as a product manager since 2006. She has also held positions as a system administrator, project manager, and technical support engineer.

Revision 1.1, 07/09/2013; added information about using the
oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall package to install
Oracle Database 12c

 

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Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘

Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘

Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)

Posted on May 3,2014

This article presents how to install Oracle 11G on Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 (OEL7).

Read following article how to install Oracle Enterprise Linux 7: Install Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7) (for comfort set 2G memory for your virtual machine before proceeding with Oracle software installation).

Installation software is available on OTN version 11.2.0.1 or Metalink 11.2.0.4. In this installation I’m presenting installation for 11.2.0.4 but for prevIoUs version 11.2.0.X it shouldn’t be different.

Oracle software which I verified

release 11.2.0.4

@H_301_22@p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

OS configuration and preparation

OS configuration is executed as root. To login as root just execute following command in terminal.

@H_301_22@su - root

Add groups

@H_301_22@--required groups /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 oper
Add user Oracle
@H_301_22@/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

Change password for user

@H_301_22@passwd oracle
Add kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf
@H_301_22@kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Apply kernel parameters

@H_301_22@/sbin/sysctl -p

Add following lines to set shell limits for user oracle in file /etc/security/limits.conf

@H_301_22@oracle soft nproc 131072 oracle hard nproc 131072 oracle soft nofile 131072 oracle hard nofile 131072 oracle soft core unlimited oracle hard core unlimited oracle soft memlock 50000000 oracle hard memlock 50000000

The “/etc/hosts” file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

@H_301_22@<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>

For example.

@H_301_22@127.0.0.1 oel7 oel7.dbaora.com localhost localhost.localdomain

Modify .bash_profile for user oracle in his home directory

@H_301_22@# Oracle Settings export TMP=/tmp export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA11G export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=ORA11G PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export CLAsspATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' alias envo='env | grep ORACLE' umask 022

Check which packages are installed and which are missing

@H_301_22@rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \ elfutils-libelf \ elfutils-libelf-devel \ gcc \ gcc-c++ \ glibc \ glibc-common \ glibc-devel \ glibc-headers \ ksh \ libaio \ libaio-devel \ libgcc \ libstdc++ \ libstdc++-devel \ make \ sysstat \ unixODBC \ unixODBC-devel

In my case it returns following

@H_301_22@binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7(x86_64) elfutils-libelf-0.157-2.el7(x86_64) package elfutils-libelf-devel is not installed gcc-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) glibc-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) glibc-common-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) glibc-headers-2.17-36.el7(x86_64) package ksh is not installed libaio-0.3.109-9.el7(x86_64) package libaio-devel is not installed libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7(x86_64) make-3.82-19.el7(x86_64) sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7(x86_64) package unixODBC is not installed package unixODBC-devel is not installed

There are two options to install missing packages

  • You need to install missing from dvd. Just mount it and install missing packages using rpm -Uvh command from directory <mount dvd>/Packages.

NOTE – I’m using x86_64 version of packages

@H_301_22@rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libaio-devel*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh unixODBC*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh ksh*.x86_64.rpm
  • Run yum install command for missing packages
@H_301_22@--example howto install many packages yum install elfutils-libelf-devel \ ksh \ libaio-devel \ unixODBC*

Create directory structure for database software

  • ORACLE_BASE – /ora01/app/oracle
  • ORACLE_HOME – /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
@H_301_22@mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chown oracle:oinstall -R /ora01

disable secure linux by editing the “/etc/selinux/config” file,making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows. It requires REBOOT to be effective !!!

@H_301_22@SELINUX=permissive

In Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 /tmp data is stored on tmpfs which consumes memory and is too small. To revert it back to storage just run following command and REBOOT machine to be effective.

@H_301_22@systemctl mask tmp.mount

Install database software

Let’s start with database software installation as oracle user.

@H_301_22@su - oracle --unzip software 11.2.0.4 unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip --I defined 4 aliases in .bash_profile of user oracle to make --administration heaven :) [oracle@oel7 ~]$ alias envo cdob cdoh tns alias envo='env | grep ORACLE' alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' --run alias command envo to display environment settings envo ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA11G ORACLE_SID=ORA11G ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --run alias command cdob and cdoh to check ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME [oracle@oel7 ~]$ cdob [oracle@oel7 oracle]$ pwd /ora01/app/oracle [oracle@oel7 db_1]$ cdoh [oracle@oel7 db_1]$ pwd /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --run installation ./runInstall

1. Uncheck checkBox “I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support” and then click “Next” button.

2. Ignore following message and click “Yes” button.

3. Select “Skip software updates” and click “Next” button.

4. Select “Create and configure a database” then click “Next” button.

5. Select “Server Class” then click “Next” button.

6. Select “Single instance database installation” and click “Next” button.

7. Select “Typical Install” and click “Next” button.

8. Enter database name,administration password for user and click “Next” button.

9. Just click “Next” button.

10. Check checkBox “Ignore All” to ignore this error. Then click “Next” button.

11. Just click “Yes” button to continue with installation.

12. Summary screen just before installation. Click “Install” button.

13. Boring installation …

14. I received following error during linking binaries

To fix this error edit $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk,search for the line

@H_301_22@ $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)

and replace the line with

@H_301_22@$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11

then click “Retry” button

15. Database Configuration will start and create database for you.

16. You should see summary screen for your new database. Click “OK” button to continue with installation.

17. In the “middle” of installation you will be asked to run 2 scripts as user root. when scripts are executed just click “OK” button. Installation will proceed.

@H_301_22@--execute scripts /ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

18. Installation completed. Just click “Close” button.

Post installation steps

Edit the “/etc/oratab” file to set restart flag for ORA11G to ‘Y’.

@H_301_22@ORA11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

Have a fun

Oracle - 安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2

Oracle - 安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2

  写在前面：工作中，一般安装 Oracle 11g 客户端，配置 Net Manager（安装好客户端或者服务端才会有），远程连接 Oracle 数据库即可满足连接数据库的需求了。若希望本机可以操作 Oracle，则需要安装 Oracle 11g 服务端。

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Client (11.2.0.1.0) 客户端

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Client (11.2.0.1.0) for Microsoft Windows (x64)
win64_11gR2_client.zip (615,698,264 bytes)
(md5sum - 0e73bc845884d6d0d927c22134f24c9f)
  
Contains the Oracle Client Libraries. Download if you want the client libraries only

1.下载 win64_11gR2_client.zip

  • win64_11gR2_client.zip
  • http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-win64soft-094461.html

2.安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Client

  • 解压缩 win64_11gR2_client.zip

  • 安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Client

运行 setup.exe，进入安装界面，默认安装步骤即可，模式可以选择管理员模式





按Windows键，你会发现有诸如Net Manager、SQL Plus等工具。

安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.1.0) 服务端

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.1.0) for Microsoft Windows (x64)
win64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip (1,213,501,989 bytes)
(md5sum - 88a2167f14cbe00d30f51dcd6d3e58d0)
win64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip (1,007,988,954 bytes)
(md5sum - 1d6dca5535917b5d076d3db3af64dffa)

Directions
1. All files are in the .zip format. There is an unzip utility here if you need one.
2. Download and unzip both files to the same directory.
3. Installation guides and general Oracle Database 11g documentation are here.
4. Review the certification matrix for this product here.

1.下载

  • win64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
  • win64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

2.安装

  • 将win64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip、win64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip解压缩到同一目录

  • 运行setup.exe，傻瓜式装机流程正在向你袭来...

今天的关于oracle 11g dataguard维护注意事项和oracle dataguard 11g完全参考手册的分享已经结束，谢谢您的关注，如果想了解更多关于(PLSQL + Oracle 11g 64bit + 32位oci.dll文件) 访问Oracle 11g、How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6、Install Oracle 11G Release 2 (11.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)，备忘、Oracle - 安装 Oracle Database 11g Release 2的相关知识，请在本站进行查询。

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